1   A table of the descent of Jesus Christ, son of David, son of Abraham.

2   Abraham was the father of Isaac, Isaac of Jacob, Jacob of Judah and his brothers, 3   Judah of Perez and Zarah (their mother was Tamar), 4   Perez of Hezron, Hezron of Ram, Ram of Amminadab, Amminadab of Nahshon, 5   Nahshon of Salma, Salma of Boaz (his mother was Rahab), Boaz of Obed (his mother was Ruth), Obed of Jesse; 6   and Jesse was the father of King David.

David was the father of Solomon (his mother had been the wife of Uriah), 7   Solomon of Rehoboam, Rehoboam of Abijah, Abijah of Asa, Asa of Jehoshaphat, 8    9   Jehoshaphat of Joram, Joram of Azariah, Azariah of Jotham, 10   Jotham of Ahaz, Ahaz of Hezekiah, Hezekiah of Manasseh, Manasseh of Amon, Amon of Josiah; 11   and Josiah was the father of Jeconiah and his brothers at the time of the deportation to Babylon.

12   After the deportation Jeconiah was the father of Shealtiel, Shealtiel of Zerubbabel, 13   Zerubbabel of Abiud, Abiud of Eliakim, Eliakim of Azor, 14    15   Azor of Zadok, Zadok of Achim, Achim of Eliud, Eliud of Eleazar, 16   Eleazar of Matthan, Matthan of Jacob, Jacob of Joseph, the husband of Mary, who gave birth to ^note Jesus called Messiah.

17   There were thus fourteen generations in all from Abraham to David, fourteen from David until the deportation to Babylon, and fourteen from the deportation until the Messiah.

18   This is the story of the birth of the Messiah. Mary his mother was betrothed to Joseph; before their marriage she found that she was with child by the Holy Spirit. 19   Being a man of principle, and at the same time wanting to save her from exposure, Joseph desired to have

The coming of Christ the marriage contract set aside quietly. 20   He had resolved on this, when an angel of the Lord appeared to him in a dream. ‘Joseph son of David,’ said the angel, ‘do not be afraid to take Mary home with you as your wife. It is by the Holy Spirit that she has conceived this child. 21   She will bear a son; and you shall give him the name Jesus (Saviour), for he will save his people from their sins.’ 22   All this happened in order to fulfil what the Lord declared through the prophet: 23   ‘The virgin will conceive and bear a son, and he shall be called Emmanuel’, a name which means ‘God is with us’. 24   Rising from sleep Joseph did as the angel had directed him; he took Mary home to be his wife, 25   but had no intercourse with her until her son was born. And he named the child Jesus.

1   Jesus was born at Bethlehem in Judaea during the reign of Herod. 2   After his birth astrologers from the east arrived in Jerusalem, asking, ‘Where is the child who is born to be king of the Jews? ^noteWe observed the rising of his star, and we have come to pay him homage.’ 3   King Herod was greatly perturbed when he heard this; and so was the whole of Jerusalem. 4   He called a meeting of the chief priests and lawyers of the Jewish people, and put before them the question: ‘Where is it that the Messiah is to be born?’ 5   ‘At Bethlehem in Judaea’, they replied; and they referred him to the prophecy which reads: 6   ‘Bethlehem in the land of Judah, you are far from least in the eyes of ^note the rulers of Judah; for out of you shall come a leader to be the shepherd of my people Israel.’

7   Herod next called the astrologers to meet him in private, and ascertained from them the time when the star had appeared. 8   He then sent them on to Bethlehem, and said, ‘Go and make a careful inquiry for the child. When you have found him, report to me, so that I may go myself and pay him homage.’

9   They set out at the king's bidding; and the star which they had seen at its rising went ahead of them until it stopped above the place where the child lay. 10   At the sight of the star they were overjoyed. 11   Entering the house, they saw the child with Mary his mother, and bowed to the ground in homage to him; then they opened their treasures and offered him gifts: gold, frankincense, and myrrh. 12   And being warned in a dream not to go back to Herod, they returned home another way.

The coming of Christ

13   After they had gone, an angel of the Lord appeared to Joseph in a dream, and said to him, ‘Rise up, take the child and his mother and escape with them to Egypt, and stay there until I tell you; for Herod is going to search for the child to do away with him.’ 14   So Joseph rose from sleep, and taking mother and child by night he went away with them to Egypt, 15   and there he stayed till Herod's death. This was to fulfil what the Lord had declared through the prophet: ‘I called my son out of Egypt.’

16   When Herod saw how the astrologers had tricked him he fell into a passion, and gave orders for the massacre of all children in Bethlehem and its neighbourhood, of the age of two years or less, corresponding with the time he had ascertained from the astrologers. 17   So the words spoken through Jeremiah the prophet were fulfilled: 18   ‘A voice was heard in Rama, wailing and loud laments; it was Rachel weeping for her children, and refusing all consolation, because they were no more.’

19   The time came that Herod died; and an angel of the Lord appeared in a dream to Joseph in Egypt and said to him, 20   ‘Rise up, take the child and his mother, and go with them to the land of Israel, for the men who threatened the child's life are dead.’ 21   So he rose, took mother and child with him, and came to the land of Israel. 22   Hearing, however, that Archelaus had succeeded his father Herod as king of Judaea, he was afraid to go there. And being warned by a dream, he withdrew to the region of Galilee; 23   there he settled in a town called Nazareth. This was to fulfil the words spoken through the prophets: ‘He shall be called a Nazarene.’

1   About that time John the Baptist appeared as a preacher in the Judaean wilderness; his theme was: 2   ‘Repent; for the kingdom of Heaven is upon you!’ 3   It is of him that the prophet Isaiah spoke when he said, ‘A voice crying aloud in the wilderness, “Prepare a way for the Lord; clear a straight path for him.”’

4   John's clothing was a rough coat of camel's hair, with a leather belt round his waist, and his food was locusts and wild honey. 5   They flocked to him from Jerusalem, from all Judaea, and the whole Jordan valley, 6   and were baptized by him in the River Jordan, confessing their sins.

7   When he saw many of the Pharisees and Sadducees coming for baptism he said to them: ‘You vipers’ brood! Who warned you to escape from the coming retribution? 8   Then prove your repentance

The coming of Christ by the fruit it bears; 9   and do not presume to say to yourselves, “We have Abraham for our father.” I tell you that God can make children for Abraham out of these stones here. 10   Already the axe is laid to the roots of the trees; and every tree that fails to produce good fruit is cut down and thrown on the fire. 11   I baptize you with water, for repentance; but the one who comes after me is mightier than I. I am not fit to take off his shoes. He will baptize you with the Holy Spirit and with fire. 12   His shovel is ready in his hand and he will winnow his threshing-floor; the wheat he will gather into his granary, but he will burn the chaff on a fire that can never go out.’

13   Then Jesus arrived at the Jordan from Galilee, and came to John to be baptized by him. 14   John tried to dissuade him. ‘Do you come to me?’ he said; ‘I need rather to be baptized by you.’ 15   Jesus replied, ‘Let it be so for the present; we do well to conform in this way with all that God requires.’ 16   John then allowed him to come. After baptism Jesus came up out of the water at once, and at that moment heaven opened; he saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove to alight upon him; 17   and a voice from heaven was heard saying, ‘This is my Son, my Beloved, ^note on whom my favour rests.’

1   Jesus was then led away by the Spirit into the wilderness, to be tempted by the devil.

2   For forty days and nights he fasted, and at the end of them he was famished. 3   The tempter approached him and said, ‘If you are the Son of God, tell these stones to become bread.’ 4   Jesus answered, ‘Scripture says, “Man cannot live on bread alone; he lives on every word that God utters.”’

5   The devil then took him to the Holy City and set him on the parapet of the temple. 6   ‘If you are the Son of God,’ he said, ‘throw yourself down; for Scripture says, “He will put his angels in charge of you, and they will support you in their arms, for fear you should strike your foot against a stone.”’ 7   Jesus answered him, ‘Scripture says again, “You are not to put the Lord your God to the test.”’

8   Once again, the devil took him to a very high mountain, and showed him all the kingdoms of the world in their glory. 9   ‘All these’, he said, ‘I will give you, if you will only fall down and do me homage.’ 10   But Jesus said, ‘Begone, Satan! Scripture says, “You shall do homage to the Lord your God and worship him alone.”’

The coming of Christ

11   Then the devil left him; and angels appeared and waited on him.

12   When he heard that John had been arrested, Jesus withdrew to Galilee; 13   and leaving Nazareth he went and settled at Capernaum on the Sea of Galilee, in the district of Zebulun and Naphtali. 14   This 15   was to fulfil the passage in the prophet Isaiah which tells of ‘the land of Zebulun, the land of Naphtali, the Way of the Sea, the land beyond Jordan, heathen Galilee’, and says:

16   ‘The people that lived in darkness saw a great light;
light dawned on the dwellers in the land of death's dark shadow.’

17   From that day Jesus began to proclaim the message: ‘Repent; for ^note the kingdom of Heaven is upon you.’

18   Jesus was walking by the Sea of Galilee when he saw two brothers, Simon called Peter and his brother Andrew, casting a net into the lake; for they were fishermen. 19   Jesus said to them, ‘Come with me, and I will make you fishers of men.’ 20   And at once they left their nets and followed him.

21   He went on, and saw another pair of brothers, James son of Zebedee and his brother John; they were in the boat with their father Zebedee, overhauling their nets. 22   He called them, and at once they left the boat and their father, and followed him.

23   He went round the whole of Galilee, teaching in the synagogues, preaching the gospel of the Kingdom, and curing whatever illness or infirmity there was among the people. 24   His fame reached the whole of Syria; and sufferers from every kind of illness, racked with pain, possessed by devils, epileptic, or paralysed, were all brought to him, and he cured them. 25   Great crowds also followed him, from Galilee and the Ten Towns, ^note from Jerusalem and Judaea, and from Transjordan. The Sermon on the Mount

1   When he saw the crowds he went up the hill. There he took his seat, 2   and when his disciples had gathered round him he began to address them. And this is the teaching he gave:

The Sermon on the Mount

3   ‘How blest are those who know their need of God;
  the kingdom of Heaven is theirs.
4   How blest are the sorrowful;
  they shall find consolation.
5   How blest are those of a gentle spirit;
  they shall have the earth for their possession.
6   How blest are those who hunger and thirst to see right prevail; ^note
  they shall be satisfied.
7   How blest are those who show mercy;
  mercy shall be shown to them.
8   How blest are those whose hearts are pure;
  they shall see God.
9   How blest are the peacemakers;
  God shall call them his sons.
10   How blest are those who have suffered persecution for the cause of right;
  the kingdom of Heaven is theirs.

11   ‘How blest you are, when you suffer insults and persecution and every kind of calumny for my sake. 12   Accept it with gladness and exultation, for you have a rich reward in heaven; in the same way they persecuted the prophets before you.

13   ‘You are salt to the world. And if salt becomes tasteless, how is its saltness to be restored? It is now good for nothing but to be thrown away and trodden underfoot.

14   ‘You are light for all the world. A town that stands on a hill cannot be hidden. 15   When a lamp is lit, it is not put under the meal-tub, but on the lamp-stand, where it gives light to everyone in the house. 16   And you, like the lamp, must shed light among your fellows, so that, when they see the good you do, they may give praise to your Father in heaven.

17   ‘Do not suppose that I have come to abolish the Law and the prophets; I did not come to abolish, but to complete. 18   I tell you this: so long as heaven and earth endure, not a letter, not a stroke, will disappear from the Law until all that must happen has happened. ^note 19   If any man therefore sets aside even the least of the Law's demands, and teaches others to do the same, he will have the lowest place in

The Sermon on the Mount the kingdom of Heaven, whereas anyone who keeps the Law, and teaches others so, will stand high in the kingdom of Heaven. 20   I tell you, unless you show yourselves far better men than the Pharisees and the doctors of the law, you can never enter the kingdom of Heaven.

21   ‘You have learned that our forefathers were told, “Do not commit murder; anyone who commits murder must be brought to judgement.” 22   But what I tell you is this: Anyone who nurses anger against his brother ^note must be brought to judgement. If he abuses his brother he must answer for it to the court; if he sneers at him he will have to answer for it in the fires of hell.

23   ‘If, when you are bringing your gift to the altar, you suddenly remember that your brother has a grievance against you, 24   leave your gift where it is before the altar. First go and make your peace with your brother, and only then come back and offer your gift.

25   ‘If someone sues you, come to terms with him promptly while you are both on your way to court; otherwise he may hand you over to the judge, and the judge to the constable, and you will be put in jail. 26   I tell you, once you are there you will not be let out till you have paid the last farthing.

27   ‘You have learned that they were told, “Do not commit adultery.” 28   But what I tell you is this: If a man looks on a woman with a lustful eye, he has already committed adultery with her in his heart.

29   ‘If your right eye is your undoing, tear it out and fling it away; it is better for you to lose one part of your body than for the whole of it to be thrown into hell. 30   And if your right hand is your undoing, cut it off and fling it away; it is better for you to lose one part of your body than for the whole of it to go to hell.

31   ‘They were told, “A man who divorces his wife must give her a note of dismissal.” 32   But what I tell you is this: If a man divorces his wife for any cause other than unchastity he involves her in adultery; and anyone who marries a divorced woman commits adultery.

33   ‘Again, you have learned that our forefathers were told, “Do not break your oath”, and, “Oaths sworn to the Lord must be kept.” 34   But what I tell you is this: You are not to swear at all—not by heaven, for it is God's throne, 35   nor by earth, for it is his footstool, nor by Jerusalem, for it is the city of the great King, 36   nor by your own head, because you cannot turn one hair of it white or black. 37   Plain “Yes” or “No” is all you need to say; anything beyond that comes from the devil.

The Sermon on the Mount

38   ‘You have learned that they were told, “Eye for eye, tooth for tooth.” 39   But what I tell you is this: Do not set yourself against the man who wrongs you. If someone slaps you on the right cheek, turn and offer him your left. 40   If a man wants to sue you for your shirt, let him have your coat as well. 41   If a man in authority makes you go one mile, go with him two. 42   Give when you are asked to give; and do not turn your back on a man who wants to borrow.

43   ‘You have learned that they were told, “Love your neighbour, hate your enemy.” 44   But what I tell you is this: Love your enemies ^note and pray for your persecutors; ^note 45   only so can you be children of your heavenly Father, who makes his sun rise on good and bad alike, and sends the rain on the honest and the dishonest. 46   If you love only those who love you, what reward can you expect? Surely the tax-gatherers do as much as that. 47   And if you greet only your brothers, what is there extraordinary about that? Even the heathen do as much. 48   There must be no limit to your goodness, as your heavenly Father's goodness knows no bounds.

1   ‘Be careful not to make a show of your religion before men; if you do, no reward awaits you in your Father's house in heaven.

2   ‘Thus, when you do some act of charity, do not announce it with a flourish of trumpets, as the hypocrites do in synagogue and in the streets to win admiration from men. I tell you this: they have their reward already. 3   No; when you do some act of charity, do not let your left hand know what your right is doing; 4   your good deed must be secret, and your Father who sees what is done in secret will reward you. ^note

5   ‘Again, when you pray, do not be like the hypocrites; they love to say their prayers standing up in synagogue and at the street-corners, for everyone to see them. I tell you this: they have their reward already. 6   But when you pray, go into a room by yourself, shut the door, and pray to your Father who is there in the secret place; and your Father who sees what is secret will reward you. ^note

7   ‘In your prayers do not go babbling on like the heathen, who imagine that the more they say the more likely they are to be heard.

The Sermon on the Mount 8   Do not imitate them. Your Father knows what your needs are before you ask him.

9   ‘This is how you should pray:

  “Our Father in heaven,
  thy name be hallowed;
   10   thy kingdom come,
  thy will be done,
  on earth as in heaven.
   11   Give us today our daily bread. ^note
   12   Forgive us the wrong we have done,
  as we have forgiven those who have wronged us.
   13   And do not bring us to the test,
  but save us from the evil one.” ^{note note}

14   For if you forgive others the wrongs they have done, your heavenly Father will also forgive you; 15   but if you do not forgive others, then the wrongs you have done will not be forgiven by your Father.

16   ‘So too when you fast, do not look gloomy like the hypocrites: they make their faces unsightly so that other people may see that they are fasting. I tell you this: they have their reward already. 17    18   But when you fast, anoint your head and wash your face, so that men may not see that you are fasting, but only your Father who is in the secret place; and your Father who sees what is secret will give you your reward.

19   ‘Do not store up for yourselves treasure on earth, where it grows rusty and moth-eaten, and thieves break in to steal it. 20   Store up treasure in heaven, where there is no moth and no rust to spoil it, no thieves to break in and steal. 21   For where your treasure is, there will your heart be also.

22   ‘The lamp of the body is the eye. If your eyes are sound, you will have light for your whole body; 23   if the eyes are bad, your whole body will be in darkness. If then the only light you have is darkness, the darkness is doubly dark.

24   ‘No servant can be the slave of two masters; for either he will hate the first and love the second, or he will be devoted to the first and think nothing of the second. You cannot serve God and Money.

The Sermon on the Mount

25   ‘Therefore I bid you put away anxious thoughts about food and drink to keep you alive, and clothes to cover your body. Surely life is more than food, the body more than clothes. 26   Look at the birds of the air; they do not sow and reap and store in barns, yet your heavenly Father feeds them. 27   You are worth more than the birds! Is there a man of you who by anxious thought can add a foot to his height ^note? 28   And why be anxious about clothes? Consider how the lilies grow in the fields; 29   they do not work, they do not spin; ^note and yet, I tell you, even Solomon in all his splendour was not attired like one of these. 30   But if that is how God clothes the grass in the fields, which is there today, and tomorrow is thrown on the stove, will he not all the more clothe you? 31   How little faith you have! No, do not ask anxiously, “What are we to eat? What are we to drink? What shall we wear?” 32   All these are things for the heathen to run after, not for you, because your heavenly Father knows that you need them all. 33   Set your mind on God's kingdom and his justice before everything else, and all the rest will come to you as well. 34   So do not be anxious about tomorrow; tomorrow will look after itself. Each day has troubles enough of its own.

1    2   ‘Pass no judgement, and you will not be judged. For as you judge others, so you will yourselves be judged, and whatever measure you deal out to others will be dealt back to you. 3   Why do you look at the speck of sawdust in your brother's eye, with never a thought for the great plank in your own? 4   Or how can you say to your brother, “Let me take the speck out of your eye”, when all the time there is that plank in your own? 5   You hypocrite! First take the plank out of your own eye, and then you will see clearly to take the speck out of your brother's.

6   ‘Do not give dogs what is holy; do not throw your pearls to the pigs: they will only trample on them, and turn and tear you to pieces.

7   ‘Ask, and you will receive; seek, and you will find; knock, and the door will be opened. 8   For everyone who asks receives, he who seeks finds, and to him who knocks, the door will be opened.

9   ‘Is there a man among you who will offer his son a stone when he asks for bread, or a snake when he asks for fish? 10    11   If you, then, bad as you are, know how to give your children what is good for them,

The Sermon on the Mount how much more will your heavenly Father give good things to those who ask him!

12   ‘Always treat others as you would like them to treat you: that is the Law and the prophets.

13   ‘Enter by the narrow gate. The gate is wide that leads to perdition, there is plenty of room on the road, ^note and many go that way; 14   but the gate that leads to life is small and the road is narrow, ^note and those who find it are few.

15   ‘Beware of false prophets, men who come to you dressed up as sheep while underneath they are savage wolves. 16   You will recognize them by the fruits they bear. Can grapes be picked from briars, or figs from thistles? 17   In the same way, a good tree always yields good fruit, and a poor tree bad fruit. 18   A good tree cannot bear bad fruit, or a poor tree good fruit. 19   And when a tree does not yield good fruit it is cut down and burnt. 20   That is why I say you will recognize them by their fruits.

21   ‘Not everyone who calls me “Lord, Lord” will enter the kingdom of Heaven, but only those who do the will of my heavenly Father. 22   When that day comes, many will say to me, “Lord, Lord, did we not prophesy in your name, cast out devils in your name, and in your name perform many miracles?” 23   Then I will tell them to their face, “I never knew you; out of my sight, you and your wicked ways!”

24   ‘What then of the man who hears these words of mine and acts upon them? He is like a man who had the sense to build his house on rock. 25   The rain came down, the floods rose, the wind blew, and beat upon that house; but it did not fall, because its foundations were on rock. 26   But what of the man who hears these words of mine and does not act upon them? He is like a man who was foolish enough to build his house on sand. 27   The rain came down, the floods rose, the wind blew, and beat upon that house; down it fell with a great crash.’

28   When Jesus had finished this discourse the people were astounded at his teaching; unlike their own teachers he taught with a note of authority.

Teaching and healing

1   After he had come down from the hill he was followed by a great crowd. 2   And now a leper ^note approached him, bowed low, and said, ‘Sir, if only you will, you can cleanse me.’ 3   Jesus stretched out his hand, touched him, and said, ‘Indeed I will; be clean again.’ 4   And his leprosy was cured immediately. Then Jesus said to him, ‘Be sure you tell nobody; but go and show yourself to the priest, and make the offering laid down by Moses for your cleansing; that will certify the cure.’

5   When he had entered Capernaum a centurion came up to ask his help. 6   ‘Sir,’ he said, ‘a boy of mine lies at home paralysed and racked with pain.’ 7    8   Jesus said, ‘I will come and cure him.’ ^noteBut the centurion replied, ‘Sir, who am I to have you under my roof? You need only say the word and the boy will be cured. 9   I know, for I am myself under orders, with soldiers under me. I say to one, “Go”, and he goes; to another, “Come here”, and he comes; and to my servant, “Do this”, and he does it.’ 10   Jesus heard him with astonishment, and said to the people who were following him, ‘I tell you this: nowhere, even in Israel, have I found such faith.

11   ‘Many, I tell you, will come from east and west to feast with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob in the kingdom of Heaven. 12   But those who were born to the kingdom will be driven out into the dark, the place of wailing and grinding of teeth.’

13   Then Jesus said to the centurion, ‘Go home now; because of your faith, so let it be.’ At that moment the boy recovered.

14   Jesus then went to Peter's house and found Peter's mother-in-law in bed with fever. 15   So he took her by the hand; the fever left her, and she got up and waited on him.

16   When evening fell, they brought to him many who were possessed by devils; and he drove the spirits out with a word and healed all who were sick, to fulfil the prophecy of Isaiah: 17   ‘He took away our illnesses and lifted our diseases from us.’ ^note

Teaching and healing

18   At the sight of the crowds surrounding him Jesus gave word to cross to the other shore. 19   A doctor of the law came up, and said, ‘Master, I will follow you wherever you go.’ 20   Jesus replied, ‘Foxes have their holes, the birds their roosts; but the Son of Man has nowhere to lay his head.’ 21   Another man, one of his disciples, said to him, ‘Lord, let me go and bury my father first.’ 22   Jesus replied, ‘Follow me, and leave the dead to bury their dead.’

23    24   Jesus then got into the boat, and his disciples followed. All at once a great storm arose on the lake, till the waves were breaking right over the boat; but he went on sleeping. 25   So they came and woke him up, crying: ‘Save us, Lord; we are sinking!’ 26   ‘Why are you such cowards?’ he said; ‘how little faith you have!’ Then he stood up and rebuked the wind and the sea, and there was a dead calm. 27   The men were astonished at what had happened, and exclaimed, ‘What sort of man is this? Even the wind and the sea obey him.’

28   When he reached the other side, in the country of the Gadarenes, he was met by two men who came out from the tombs; they were possessed by devils, and so violent that no one dared pass that way. 29   ‘You son of God,’ they shouted, ‘what do you want with us? Have you come here to torment us before our time?’ 30   In the distance a large herd of pigs was feeding; 31   and the devils begged him: ‘If you drive us out, send us into that herd of pigs.’ 32   ‘Begone!’ he said. Then they came out and went into the pigs; the whole herd rushed over the edge into the lake, and perished in the water.

33   The men in charge of them took to their heels, and made for the town, where they told the whole story, and what had happened to the madmen. 34   Thereupon all the town came to meet Jesus; and when they saw him they begged him to leave the district and go.

1   So he got into the boat and crossed over, and came to his own town.

2   And now some men brought him a paralysed man lying on a bed. Seeing their faith Jesus said to the man, ‘Take heart, my son; your sins are forgiven.’ 3   At this some of the lawyers said to themselves, ‘This is blasphemous talk.’ 4   Jesus knew what they were thinking, and said, ‘Why do you harbour these evil thoughts? 5   Is it easier to say, “Your sins are forgiven”, or to say, “Stand up and walk”? 6   But to convince you that the Son of Man has the right on earth to forgive sins’—he turned to the paralysed man—‘stand up, take your bed, and go home.’ 7   Thereupon the man got up, and went off home. 8   The people were filled with awe at the sight, and praised God for granting such authority to men.

Teaching and healing

9   As he passed on from there Jesus saw a man named Matthew at his seat in the custom-house, and said to him, ‘Follow me’; and Matthew rose and followed him.

10   When Jesus was at table in the house, many bad characters— tax-gatherers and others—were seated with him and his disciples. 11   The Pharisees noticed this, and said to his disciples, ‘Why is it that your master eats with tax-gatherers and sinners?’ 12   Jesus heard it and said, ‘It is not the healthy that need a doctor, but the sick. 13   Go and learn what that text means, “I require mercy, not sacrifice.” I did not come to invite virtuous people, but sinners.’

14   Then John's disciples came to him with the question: ‘Why do we and the Pharisees fast, but your disciples do not?’ 15   Jesus replied, ‘Can you expect the bridegroom's friends to go mourning while the bridegroom is with them? The time will come when the bridegroom will be taken away from them; that will be the time for them to fast.

16   ‘No one sews a patch of unshrunk cloth on to an old coat; for then the patch tears away from the coat, and leaves a bigger hole. 17   Neither do you put new wine into old wine-skins; if you do, the skins burst, and then the wine runs out and the skins are spoilt. No, you put new wine into fresh skins; then both are preserved.’

18   Even as he spoke, there came a president of the synagogue, who bowed low before him and said, ‘My daughter has just died; but come and lay your hand on her, and she will live.’ 19   Jesus rose and went with him, and so did his disciples.

20   Then a woman who had suffered from haemorrhages for twelve years came up from behind, 21   and touched the edge of his cloak; for she said to herself, ‘If I can only touch his cloak, I shall be cured.’ 22   But Jesus turned and saw her, and said, ‘Take heart, my daughter; your faith has cured you.’ And from that moment she recovered.

23   When Jesus arrived at the president's house and saw the flute-players and the general commotion, he said, ‘Be off! 24   The girl is not dead: she is asleep’; and they only laughed at him. 25   But, when everyone had been turned out, he went into the room and took the girl by the hand, and she got up. 26   This story became the talk of all the country round.

27   As he passed on Jesus was followed by two blind men, who cried out, ‘Son of David, have pity on us!’ 28   And when he had gone indoors they came to him. Jesus asked, ‘Do you believe that I have

Teaching and healing the power to do what you want?’ 29   ‘Yes, sir’, they said. Then he touched their eyes, and said, ‘As you have believed, so let it be’; and their sight was restored. 30   Jesus said to them sternly, ‘See that no one hears about this.’ 31   But as soon as they had gone out they talked about him all over the country-side.

32   They were on their way out when a man was brought to him, who was dumb and possessed by a devil; 33   the devil was cast out and the patient recovered his speech. Filled with amazement the onlookers said, ‘Nothing like this has ever been seen in Israel.’ ^note

35   So Jesus went round all the towns and villages teaching in their synagogues, announcing the good news of the Kingdom, and curing every kind of ailment and disease. 36   The sight of the people moved him to pity: they were like sheep without a shepherd, harassed and helpless; 37   and he said to his disciples, ‘The crop is heavy, but labourers are scarce; 38   you must therefore beg the owner to send labourers to harvest his crop.’

1   Then he called his twelve disciples to him and gave them authority to cast out unclean spirits and to cure every kind of ailment and disease.

2   These are the names of the twelve apostles: first Simon, also called Peter, and his brother Andrew; James son of Zebedee, and his brother John; 3   Philip and Bartholomew, Thomas and Matthew the tax-gatherer, 4   James son of Alphaeus, Lebbaeus, ^note Simon, a member of the Zealot party, and Judas Iscariot, the man who betrayed him.

5   These twelve Jesus sent out with the following instructions: ‘Do not take the road to gentile lands, and do not enter any Samaritan town; but go rather to the lost sheep of the house of Israel. 6    7   And as you go proclaim the message: “The kingdom of Heaven is upon you.” 8   Heal the sick, raise the dead, cleanse lepers, cast out devils. You received without cost; give without charge.

9    10   ‘Provide no gold, silver, or copper to fill your purse, no pack for the road, no second coat, no shoes, no stick; the worker earns his keep.

11   ‘When you come to any town or village, look for some worthy person in it, and make your home there until you leave. 12   Wish the house peace as you enter it, 13   so that, if it is worthy, your peace may

Teaching and healing descend on it; if it is not worthy, your peace can come back to you. 14   If anyone will not receive you or listen to what you say, then as you leave that house or that town shake the dust of it off your feet. 15   I tell you this: on the day of judgement it will be more bearable for the land of Sodom and Gomorrah than for that town.

16   ‘Look, I send you out like sheep among wolves; be wary as serpents, innocent as doves.

17   ‘And be on your guard, for men will hand you over to their courts, they will flog you in the synagogues, 18   and you will be brought before governors and kings, for my sake, to testify before them and the heathen. 19   But when you are arrested, do not worry about what you are to say; when the time comes, the words you need will be given you; for it is not you who will be speaking: 20   it will be the Spirit of your Father speaking in you.

21   ‘Brother will betray brother to death, and the father his child; children will turn against their parents and send them to their death. 22   All will hate you for your allegiance to me; but the man who holds out to the end will be saved. 23   When you are persecuted in one town, take refuge in another; I tell you this: before you have gone through all the towns of Israel the Son of Man will have come.

24   ‘A pupil does not rank above his teacher, or a servant above his master. 25   The pupil should be content to share his teacher's lot, the servant to share his master's. If the master has been called Beelzebub, how much more his household!

26   ‘So do not be afraid of them. There is nothing covered up that will not be uncovered, nothing hidden that will not be made known. 27   What I say to you in the dark you must repeat in broad daylight; what you hear whispered you must shout from the house-tops. 28   Do not fear those who kill the body, but cannot kill the soul. Fear him rather who is able to destroy both soul and body in hell.

29   ‘Are not sparrows two a penny? Yet without your Father's leave not one of them can fall to the ground. 30   As for you, even the hairs of your head have all been counted. 31   So have no fear; you are worth more than any number of sparrows.

32   ‘Whoever then will acknowledge me before men, I will acknowledge him before my Father in heaven; 33   and whoever disowns me before men, I will disown him before my Father in heaven.

34   ‘You must not think that I have come to bring peace to the earth; I have not come to bring peace, but a sword. 35   I have come to set

Teaching and healing a man against his father, a daughter against her mother, a son's wife against her mother-in-law; 36   and a man will find his enemies under his own roof.

37   ‘No man is worthy of me who cares more for father or mother than for me; no man is worthy of me who cares more for son or daughter; 38   no man is worthy of me who does not take up his cross and walk in my footsteps. 39   By gaining his life a man will lose it; by losing his life for my sake, he will gain it.

40   ‘To receive you is to receive me, and to receive me is to receive the One who sent me. 41   Whoever receives a prophet as a prophet will be given a prophet's reward, and whoever receives a good man because he is a good man will be given a good man's reward. 42   And if anyone gives so much as a cup of cold water to one of these little ones, because he is a disciple of mine, I tell you this: that man will assuredly not go unrewarded.’

1   When Jesus had finished giving his twelve disciples their instructions, he left that place and went to teach and preach in the neighbouring towns.

2   John, who was in prison, heard what Christ was doing, and sent his own disciples to him with this message: 3   ‘Are you the one who is to come, or are we to expect some other?’ 4   Jesus answered, ‘Go and tell John what you hear and see: 5   the blind recover their sight, the lame walk, the lepers are made clean, the deaf hear, the dead are raised to life, 6   the poor are hearing the good news—and happy is the man who does not find me a stumbling-block.’

7   When the messengers were on their way back, Jesus began to speak to the people about John: ‘What was the spectacle that drew you to the wilderness? 8   A reed-bed swept by the wind? No? Then what did you go out to see? A man dressed in silks and satins? 9   Surely you must look in palaces for that. But why did you go out? 10   To see a prophet? Yes indeed, and far more than a prophet. He is the man of whom Scripture says,

  “Here is my herald, whom I send on ahead of you, and he will prepare your way before you.”
11   I tell you this: never has there appeared on earth a mother's son greater than John the Baptist, and yet the least in the kingdom of Heaven is greater than he.

Teaching and healing

12   ‘Ever since the coming of John the Baptist the kingdom of Heaven has been subjected to violence and violent men ^note are seizing it. 13   For all the prophets and the Law foretold things to come until John appeared, 14   and John is the destined Elijah, if you will but accept it. 15   If you have ears, then hear.

16   ‘How can I describe this generation? They are like children sitting in the market-place and shouting at each other,

17   “We piped for you and you would not dance.”
“We wept and wailed, and you would not mourn.”

18   For John came, neither eating nor drinking, and they say, “He is possessed.” 19   The Son of Man came eating and drinking, and they say, “Look at him! a glutton and a drinker, a friend of tax-gatherers and sinners!” And yet God's wisdom is proved right by its results.’

20   Then he spoke of the towns in which most of his miracles had been performed, and denounced them for their impenitence. 21   ‘Alas for you, Chorazin!’ he said; ‘alas for you, Bethsaida! If the miracles that were performed in you had been performed in Tyre and Sidon, they would have repented long ago in sackcloth and ashes. 22   But it will be more bearable, I tell you, for Tyre and Sidon on the day of judgement than for you. 23   And as for you, Capernaum, will you be exalted to the skies? No, brought down to the depths! For if the miracles had been performed in Sodom which were performed in you, Sodom would be standing to this day. 24   But it will be more bearable, I tell you, for the land of Sodom on the day of judgement than for you.’

25   At that time Jesus spoke these words: ‘I thank thee, Father, Lord of heaven and earth, for hiding these things from the learned and wise, and revealing them to the simple. 26   Yes, Father, such ^note was thy choice. 27   Everything is entrusted to me by my Father; and no one knows the Son but the Father, and no one knows the Father but the Son and those to whom the Son may choose to reveal him.

28   ‘Come to me, all whose work is hard, whose load is heavy; and I will give you relief. 29   Bend your necks to my yoke, and learn from me, for I am gentle and humble-hearted; and your souls will find relief. 30   For my yoke is good to bear, my load is light.’

Controversy

1   Once about that time Jesus went through the cornfields on the Sabbath; and his disciples, feeling hungry, began to pluck some ears of corn and eat them. 2   The Pharisees noticed this, and said to him, ‘Look, your disciples are doing something which is forbidden on the Sabbath.’ 3   He answered, ‘Have you not read what David did when he and his men were hungry? 4   He went into the House of God and ate the sacred bread, though neither he nor his men had a right to eat it, but only the priests. 5   Or have you not read in the Law that on the Sabbath the priests in the temple break the Sabbath and it is not held against them? 6   I tell you, there is something greater than the temple here. 7   If you had known what that text means, “I require mercy, not sacrifice”, you would not have condemned the innocent. 8   For the Son of Man is sovereign over the Sabbath.’

9   He went on to another place, and entered their synagogue. A man was there with a withered arm, 10   and they asked Jesus, ‘Is it permitted to heal on the Sabbath?’ (They wanted to frame a charge against him.) 11   But he said to them, ‘Suppose you had one sheep, which fell into a ditch on the Sabbath; is there one of you who would not catch hold of it and lift it out? 12   And surely a man is worth far more than a sheep! It is therefore permitted to do good on the Sabbath.’ 13   Turning to the man he said, ‘Stretch out your arm.’ He stretched it out, and it was made sound again like the other. 14   But the Pharisees, on leaving the synagogue, laid a plot to do away with him.

15   Jesus was aware of it and withdrew. Many followed, and he cured all who were ill; 16   and he gave strict injunctions that they were not to make him known. 17   This was to fulfil Isaiah's prophecy:

   18   ‘Here is my servant, whom I have chosen,
  my beloved, on whom my favour rests;
  I will put my Spirit upon him,
  and he will proclaim judgement among the nations.
   19   He will not strive, he will not shout,
  nor will his voice be heard in the streets.
   20   He will not snap off the broken reed,

Controversy
  nor snuff out the smouldering wick,
  until he leads justice on to victory.
   21   In him the nations shall place their hope.’

22   Then they brought him a man who was possessed; he was blind and dumb; and Jesus cured him, restoring both speech and sight. 23   The bystanders were all amazed, and the word went round: ‘Can this be the Son of David?’ 24   But when the Pharisees heard it they said, ‘It is only by Beelzebub prince of devils that this man drives the devils out.’

25   He knew what was in their minds; so he said to them, ‘Every kingdom divided against itself goes to ruin; and no town, no household, that is divided against itself can stand. 26   And if it is Satan who casts out Satan, Satan is divided against himself; how then can his kingdom stand? 27   And if it is by Beelzebub that I cast out devils, by whom do your own people drive them out? If this is your argument, they themselves will refute you. 28   But if it is by the Spirit of God that I drive out the devils, then be sure the kingdom of God has already come upon you.

29   ‘Or again, how can anyone break into a strong man's house and make off with his goods, unless he has first tied the strong man up before ransacking the house?

30   ‘He who is not with me is against me, and he who does not gather with me scatters.

31   ‘And so I tell you this: no sin, no slander, is beyond forgiveness for men, except slander spoken against the Spirit, and that will not be forgiven. 32   Any man who speaks a word against the Son of Man will be forgiven; but if anyone speaks against the Holy Spirit, for him there is no forgiveness, either in this age or in the age to come.

33   ‘Either make the tree good and its fruit good, or make the tree bad and its fruit bad; you can tell a tree by its fruit. 34   You vipers' brood! How can your words be good when you yourselves are evil? For the words that the mouth utters come from the overflowing of the heart. 35   A good man produces good from the store of good within himself; and an evil man from evil within produces evil.

36   ‘I tell you this: there is not a thoughtless word that comes from men's lips but they will have to account for it on the day of judgement. 37   For out of your own mouth you will be acquitted; out of your own mouth you will be condemned.’

Controversy

38   At this some of the doctors of the law and the Pharisees said, ‘Master, we should like you to show us a sign.’ 39   He answered: ‘It is a wicked, godless generation that asks for a sign; and the only sign that will be given it is the sign of the prophet Jonah. 40   Jonah was in the sea-monster's belly for three days and three nights, and in the same way the Son of Man will be three days and three nights in the bowels of the earth. 41   At the Judgement, when this generation is on trial, the men of Nineveh will appear against it ^note and ensure its condemnation, for they repented at the preaching of Jonah; and what is here is greater than Jonah. 42   The Queen of the South will appear at the Judgement when this generation is on trial, ^note and ensure its condemnation, for she came from the ends of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon; and what is here is greater than Solomon.

43   ‘When an unclean spirit comes out of a man it wanders over the deserts seeking a resting-place, and finds none. 44   Then it says, “I will go back to the home I left.” So it returns and finds the house unoccupied, swept clean, and tidy. 45   Off it goes and collects seven other spirits more wicked than itself, and they all come in and settle down; and in the end the man's plight is worse than before. That is how it will be with this wicked generation.’

46   He was still speaking to the crowd when his mother and brothers appeared; they stood outside, wanting to speak to him. 47   Someone said, ‘Your mother and your brothers are here outside; they want to speak to you.’ 48   Jesus turned to the man who brought the message, and said, ‘Who is my mother? 49   Who are my brothers?’; and pointing to the disciples, he said, ‘Here are my mother and my brothers. 50   Whoever does the will of my heavenly Father is my brother, my sister, my mother.’

1    2   That same day Jesus went out and sat by the lake-side, where so many people gathered round him that he had to get into a boat. He sat there, and all the people stood on the shore. 3   He spoke to them in parables, at some length.

4   He said: ‘A sower went out to sow. And as he sowed, some seed fell along the footpath; and the birds came and ate it up. 5   Some seed fell on rocky ground, where it had little soil, and it sprouted quickly

Controversy because it had no depth of earth; 6   but when the sun rose the young corn was scorched, and as it had no root it withered away. 7   Some seed fell among thistles; and the thistles shot up, and choked the corn. 8   And some of the seed fell into good soil, where it bore fruit, yielding a hundredfold or, it might be, sixtyfold or thirtyfold. 9   If you have ears, then hear.’

10   The disciples went up to him and asked, ‘Why do you speak to them in parables?’ 11   He replied, ‘It has been granted to you to know the secrets of the kingdom of Heaven; but to those others it has not been granted. 12   For the man who has will be given more, till he has enough and to spare; and the man who has not will forfeit even what he has. 13   That is why I speak to them in parables; for they look without seeing, and listen without hearing or understanding. 14   There is a prophecy of Isaiah which is being fulfilled for them: “You may hear and hear, but you will never understand; you may look and look, but you will never see. 15   For this people's mind has become gross; their ears are dulled, and their eyes are closed. Otherwise, their eyes might see, their ears hear, and their mind understand, and then they might turn again, and I would heal them.”

16   ‘But happy are your eyes because they see, and your ears because they hear! 17   Many prophets and saints, I tell you, desired to see what you now see, yet never saw it; to hear what you hear, yet never heard it.

18    19   ‘You, then, may hear the parable of the sower. When a man hears the word that tells of the Kingdom but fails to understand it, the evil one comes and carries off what has been sown in his heart. There you have the seed sown along the footpath. 20   The seed sown on rocky ground stands for the man who, on hearing the word, accepts it at once with joy; 21   but as it strikes no root in him he has no staying-power, and when there is trouble or persecution on account of the word he falls away at once. 22   The seed sown among thistles represents the man who hears the word, but worldly cares and the false glamour of wealth choke it, and it proves barren. 23   But the seed that fell into good soil is the man who hears the word and understands it, who accordingly bears fruit, and yields a hundredfold or, it may be, sixtyfold or thirtyfold.’

24   Here is another parable that he put before them: ‘The kingdom of Heaven is like this. 25   A man sowed his field with good seed; but while everyone was asleep his enemy came, sowed darnel among the

Controversy wheat, and made off. 26   When the corn sprouted and began to fill out, the darnel could be seen among it. 27   The farmer's men went to their master and said, “Sir, was it not good seed that you sowed in your field? 28   Then where has the darnel come from?” “This is an enemy's doing”, he replied. “Well then,” they said, “shall we go and gather the darnel?” 29   “No,” he answered; “in gathering it you might pull up the wheat at the same time. 30   Let them both grow together till harvest; and at harvest-time I will tell the reapers, ‘Gather the darnel first, and tie it in bundles for burning; then collect the wheat into my barn.’”’

31   And this is another parable that he put before them: ‘The kingdom of Heaven is like a mustard-seed, which a man took and sowed in his field. 32   As a seed, mustard is smaller than any other; but when it has grown it is bigger than any garden-plant; it becomes a tree, big enough for the birds to come and roost among its branches.’

33   He told them also this parable: ‘The kingdom of Heaven is like yeast, which a woman took and mixed with half a hundredweight of flour till it was all leavened.’

34   In all this teaching to the crowds Jesus spoke in parables; in fact he never spoke to them without a parable. 35   This was to fulfil the prophecy of Isaiah: ^note

  ‘I will open my mouth in parables;
  I will utter things kept secret since the world was made.’

36   He then dismissed the people, and went into the house, where his disciples came to him and said, ‘Explain to us the parable of the darnel in the field.’ 37   And this was his answer: ‘The sower of the good seed is the Son of Man. 38   The field is the world; the good seed stands for the children of the Kingdom, the darnel for the children of the evil one. 39   The enemy who sowed the darnel is the devil. The harvest is the end of time. 40   The reapers are angels. As the darnel, then, is gathered up and burnt, 41   so at the end of time the Son of Man will send out his angels, who will gather out of his kingdom whatever makes men stumble, 42   and all whose deeds are evil, and these will be thrown into the blazing furnace, the place of wailing and grinding of teeth. 43   And then the righteous will shine as brightly as the sun in the kingdom of their Father. If you have ears, then hear.

Controversy

44   ‘The kingdom of Heaven is like treasure lying buried in a field. The man who found it, buried it again; and for sheer joy went and sold everything he had, and bought that field.

45   ‘Here is another picture of the kingdom of Heaven. A merchant looking out for fine pearls found one of very special value; 46   so he went and sold everything he had, and bought it.

47   ‘Again the kingdom of Heaven is like a net let down into the sea, where fish of every kind were caught in it. 48   When it was full, it was dragged ashore. Then the men sat down and collected the good fish into pails and threw the worthless away. 49   That is how it will be at the end of time. The angels will go forth, and they will separate the wicked from the good, 50   and throw them into the blazing furnace, the place of wailing and grinding of teeth.

51   ‘Have you understood all this?’ he asked; and they answered, ‘Yes.’ 52   He said to them, ‘When, therefore, a teacher of the law has become a learner in the kingdom of Heaven, he is like a householder who can produce from his store both the new and the old.’

53    54   When he had finished these parables Jesus left that place, and came to his home town, where he taught the people in their synagogue. In amazement they asked, ‘Where does he get this wisdom from, and these miraculous powers? 55   Is he not the carpenter's son? Is not his mother called Mary, his brothers James, Joseph, Simon, and Judas? 56   And are not all his sisters here with us? Where then has he got all this from?’ 57   So they fell foul of him, and this led him to say, ‘A prophet will always be held in honour, except in his home town, and in his own family.’ 58   And he did not work many miracles there: such was their want of faith.

1   It was at that time that reports about Jesus reached the ears of Prince Herod. 2   ‘This is John the Baptist,’ he said to his attendants; ‘John has been raised to life, and that is why these miraculous powers are at work in him.’

3   Now Herod had arrested John, put him in chains, and thrown him into prison, on account of Herodias, his brother Philip's wife; 4   for John had told him: ‘You have no right to her.’ 5   Herod would have liked to put him to death, but he was afraid of the people, in whose eyes John was a prophet. 6   But at his birthday celebrations the daughter of Herodias danced before the guests, and Herod was so

Controversy 7   delighted that he took an oath to give her anything she cared to ask. 8   Prompted by her mother, she said, ‘Give me here on a dish the head of John the Baptist.’ 9   The king was distressed when he heard it; but out of regard for his oath and for his guests, he ordered the request to be granted, and had John beheaded in prison. 10    11   The head was brought in on a dish and given to the girl; and she carried it to her mother. 12   Then John's disciples came and took away the body, and buried it; and they went and told Jesus.

13   When he heard what had happened Jesus withdrew privately by boat to a lonely place; but people heard of it, and came after him in crowds by land from the towns. 14   When he came ashore, he saw a great crowd; his heart went out to them, and he cured those of them who were sick. 15   When it grew late the disciples came up to him and said, ‘This is a lonely place, and the day has gone; send the people off to the villages to buy themselves food.’ 16   He answered, ‘There is no need for them to go; give them something to eat yourselves.’ 17   ‘All we have here’, they said, ‘is five loaves and two fishes.’ 18    19   ‘Let me have them’, he replied. So he told the people to sit down on the grass; then, taking the five loaves and the two fishes, he looked up to heaven, said the blessing, broke the loaves, and gave them to the disciples; and the disciples gave them to the people. 20   They all ate to their hearts' content; and the scraps left over, which they picked up, were enough to fill twelve great baskets. 21   Some five thousand men shared in this meal, to say nothing of women and children.

22   Then he made the disciples embark and go on ahead to the other side, while he sent the people away; 23   after doing that, he went up the hill-side to pray alone. It grew late, and he was there by himself. 24   The boat was already some furlongs from the shore, ^note battling with a head-wind and a rough sea. 25   Between three and six in the morning he came to them, walking over the lake. 26   When the disciples saw him walking on the lake they were so shaken that they cried out in terror: ‘It is a ghost!’ 27   But at once he spoke to them: ‘Take heart! It is I; do not be afraid.’

28   Peter called to him: ‘Lord, if it is you, tell me to come to you over the water.’ 29   ‘Come’, said Jesus. Peter stepped down from the boat, and walked over the water towards Jesus. 30   But when he saw the

Controversy strength of the gale he was seized with fear; and beginning to sink, he cried, ‘Save me, Lord.’ 31   Jesus at once reached out and caught hold of him, and said, ‘Why did you hesitate? How little faith you have!’ 32   They then climbed into the boat; and the wind dropped. 33   And the men in the boat fell at his feet, exclaiming, ‘Truly you are the Son of God.’

34   So they finished the crossing and came to land at Gennesaret. 35   There Jesus was recognized by the people of the place, who sent out word to all the country round. And all who were ill were brought to him, 36   and he was begged to allow them simply to touch the edge of his cloak. And everyone who touched it was completely cured.

1   Then Jesus was approached by a group of Pharisees and lawyers from Jerusalem, with the question: 2   ‘Why do your disciples break the ancient tradition? They do not wash their hands before meals.’ 3   He answered them: ‘And what of you? Why do you break God's commandment in the interest of your tradition? 4   For God said, “Honour your father and mother”, and, “The man who curses his father or mother must suffer death.” 5   But you say, “If a man says to his father or mother, ‘Anything of mine which might have been used for your benefit is set apart for God’, 6   then he must not honour his father or his mother.” You have made God's law null and void out of respect for your tradition. 7   What hypocrisy! Isaiah was right when he prophesied about you: 8   “This people pays me lip-service, but their heart is far from me; 9   their worship of me is in vain, for they teach as doctrines the commandments of men.”’

10   He called the crowd and said to them, ‘Listen to me, and understand this: 11   a man is not defiled by what goes into his mouth, but by what comes out of it.’

12   Then the disciples came to him and said, ‘Do you know that the Pharisees have taken great offence at what you have been saying?’ 13   His answer was: ‘Any plant that is not of my heavenly Father's planting will be rooted up. 14   Leave them alone; they are blind guides, ^note and if one blind man guides another they will both fall into the ditch.’

15    16   Then Peter said, ‘Tell us what that parable means.’ Jesus answered, ‘Are you still as dull as the rest? 17   Do you not see that whatever goes in by the mouth passes into the stomach and so is discharged into the drain? 18   But what comes out of the mouth has its

Controversy origins in the heart; and that is what defiles a man. 19   Wicked thoughts, murder, adultery, fornication, theft, perjury, slander—these all proceed from the heart; 20   and these are the things that defile a man; but to eat without first washing his hands, that cannot defile him.’

Jesus and his disciples

21   Jesus then left that place and withdrew to the region of Tyre and Sidon. 22   And a Canaanite woman from those parts came crying out, ‘Sir! have pity on me, Son of David; my daughter is tormented by a devil.’ 23   But he said not a word in reply. His disciples came and urged him: ‘Send her away; see how she comes shouting after us.’ 24   Jesus replied, ‘I was sent to the lost sheep of the house of Israel, and to them alone.’ 25   But the woman came and fell at his feet and cried, ‘Help me, sir.’ 26   To this Jesus replied, ‘It is not right to take the children's bread and throw it to the dogs.’ 27   ‘True, sir,’ she answered; ‘and yet the dogs eat the scraps that fall from their masters' table.’ 28   Hearing this Jesus replied, ‘Woman, what faith you have! Be it as you wish!’ And from that moment her daughter was restored to health.

29   After leaving that region Jesus took the road by the Sea of Galilee and went up to the hills. 30   When he was seated there, crowds flocked to him, bringing with them the lame, blind, dumb, and crippled, and many other sufferers; they threw them down at his feet, and he healed them. 31   Great was the amazement of the people when they saw the dumb speaking, the crippled strong, the lame walking, and sight restored to the blind; and they gave praise to the God of Israel.

32   Jesus called his disciples and said to them, ‘I feel sorry for all these people; they have been with me now for three days and have nothing to eat. I do not want to send them away unfed; they might turn faint on the way.’ 33   The disciples replied, ‘Where in this lonely place can we find bread enough to feed such a crowd?’ 34   ‘How many loaves have you?’ Jesus asked. ‘Seven,’ they replied; ‘and there are a few small fishes.’ 35   So he ordered the people to sit down on the ground; then he took the seven loaves and the fishes, 36   and after giving thanks to God he broke them and gave to the disciples, and the disciples gave to the people. 37   They all ate to their hearts' content; and the

Jesus and his disciples scraps left over, which they picked up, were enough to fill seven baskets. 38   Four thousand men shared in this meal, to say nothing of women and children. 39   He then dismissed the crowds, got into a boat, and went to the neighbourhood of Magadan.

1   The Pharisees and Sadducees came, and to test him they asked him to show them a sign from heaven. 2    3    4   His answer was: ^note ‘It is a wicked generation that asks for a sign; and the only sign that will be given it is the sign of Jonah.’ So he went off and left them.

5   In crossing to the other side the disciples had forgotten to take bread with them. 6   So, when Jesus said to them, ‘Beware, be on your guard against the leaven of the Pharisees and Sadducees’, 7   they began to say among themselves, ‘It is because we have brought no bread!’ 8   Knowing what was in their minds, Jesus said to them: ‘Why do you talk about bringing no bread? 9   Where is your faith? Do you not understand even yet? Do you not remember the five loaves for the five thousand, and how many basketfuls you picked up? 10   Or the seven loaves for the four thousand, and how many basketfuls you picked up? 11   How can you fail to see that I was not speaking about bread? Be on your guard, I said, against the leaven of the Pharisees and Sadducees.’ 12   Then they understood: they were to be on their guard, not against baker's leaven, but against the teaching of the Pharisees and Sadducees.

13   When he came to the territory of Caesarea Philippi, Jesus asked his disciples, ‘Who do men say that the Son of Man is ^note?’ 14   They answered, ‘Some say John the Baptist, others Elijah, others Jeremiah, or one of the prophets.’ 15   ‘And you,’ he asked, ‘who do you say I am?’ 16   Simon Peter answered: ‘You are the Messiah, the Son of the living God.’ 17   Then Jesus said: ‘Simon son of Jonah, you are favoured indeed! You did not learn that from mortal man; it was revealed to you by my heavenly Father. 18   And I say this to you: You are Peter, the Rock; and on this rock I will build my church, and the powers of death shall never conquer it. ^note 19   I will give you the keys of the kingdom of Heaven; what you forbid on earth shall be forbidden in heaven, and what you allow on earth shall be

Jesus and his disciples allowed in heaven.’ 20   He then gave his disciples strict orders not to tell anyone that he was the Messiah.

21   From that time Jesus began to make it clear to his disciples that he had to go to Jerusalem, and there to suffer much from the elders, chief priests, and doctors of the law; to be put to death and to be raised again on the third day. 22   At this Peter took him by the arm and began to rebuke him: ‘Heaven forbid!’ he said. ‘No, Lord, this shall never happen to you.’ 23   Then Jesus turned and said to Peter, ‘Away with you, Satan; you are a stumbling-block to me. You think as men think, not as God thinks.’

24   Jesus then said to his disciples, ‘If anyone wishes to be a follower of mine, he must leave self behind; he must take up his cross and come with me. 25   Whoever cares for his own safety is lost; but if a man will let himself be lost for my sake, he will find his true self. 26   What will a man gain by winning the whole world, at the cost of his true self? 27   Or what can he give that will buy that self back? For the Son of Man is to come in the glory of his Father with his angels, and then he will give each man the due reward for what he has done. 28   I tell you this: there are some of those standing here who will not taste death before they have seen the Son of Man coming in his kingdom.’

1   Six days later Jesus took Peter, James, and John the brother of James, and led them up a high mountain where they were alone; 2   and in their presence he was transfigured; his face shone like the sun, and his clothes became white as the light. 3   And they saw Moses and Elijah appear, conversing with him. 4   Then Peter spoke: ‘Lord,’ he said, ‘how good it is that we are here! If you wish it, I will make three shelters here, one for you, one for Moses, and one for Elijah.’ 5   While he was still speaking, a bright cloud suddenly overshadowed them, and a voice called from the cloud: ‘This is my Son, my Beloved, ^note on whom my favour rests; listen to him.’ 6   At the sound of the voice the disciples fell on their faces in terror. 7   Jesus then came up to them, touched them, and said, ‘Stand up; do not be afraid.’ 8   And when they raised their eyes they saw no one, but only Jesus.

9   On their way down the mountain, Jesus enjoined them not to tell anyone of the vision until the Son of Man had been raised from the dead. 10   The disciples put a question to him: ‘Why then do our

Jesus and his disciples teachers say that Elijah must come first?’ 11   He replied, ‘Yes, Elijah will come and set everything right. 12   But I tell you that Elijah has already come, and they failed to recognize him, and worked their will upon him; and in the same way the Son of Man is to suffer at their hands.’ 13   Then the disciples understood that he meant John the Baptist.

14   When they returned to the crowd, a man came up to Jesus, fell on his knees before him, and said, ‘Have pity, sir, on my son: 15   he is an epileptic and has bad fits, and he keeps falling about, often into the fire, often into water. 16   I brought him to your disciples, but they could not cure him.’ 17   Jesus answered, ‘What an unbelieving and perverse generation! How long shall I be with you? How long must I endure you? 18   Bring him here to me.’ Jesus then spoke sternly to the boy; the devil left him, and from that moment he was cured.

19   Afterwards the disciples came to Jesus and asked him privately, ‘Why could not we cast it out?’ 20   He answered, ‘Your faith is too small. I tell you this: if you have faith no bigger even than a mustard-seed, you will say to this mountain, “Move from here to there!”, and it will move; nothing will prove impossible for you.’ ^note

22   They were going about together in Galilee when Jesus said to them, 23   ‘The Son of Man is to be given up into the power of men, and they will kill him; then on the third day he will be raised again.’ And they were filled with grief.

24   On their arrival at Capernaum the collectors of the temple-tax came up to Peter and asked, ‘Does your master not pay temple-tax?’ 25   ‘He does’, said Peter. When he went indoors Jesus forestalled him by asking, ‘What do you think about this, Simon? From whom do earthly monarchs collect tax or toll? From their own people, or from aliens?’ 26   ‘From aliens’, said Peter. ‘Why then,’ said Jesus, ‘their own people are exempt! 27   But as we do not want to cause offence, go and cast a line in the lake; take the first fish that comes to the hook, open its mouth, and you will find a silver coin; take that and pay it in; it will meet the tax for us both.’

1   At that time the disciples came to Jesus and asked, ‘Who is the greatest in the kingdom of Heaven?’ 2   He called a child, set him in

Jesus and his disciples front of them, and said, ‘I tell you this: 3   unless you turn round and become like children, you will never enter the kingdom of Heaven. 4   Let a man humble himself till he is like this child, and he will be the greatest in the kingdom of Heaven. 5   Whoever receives one such child in my name receives me. 6   But if a man is a cause of stumbling to one of these little ones who have faith in me, it would be better for him to have a millstone hung round his neck and be drowned in the depths of the sea. 7   Alas for the world that such causes of stumbling arise! Come they must, but woe betide the man through whom they come!

8   ‘If your hand or your foot is your undoing, cut it off and fling it away; it is better for you to enter into life maimed or lame, than to keep two hands or two feet and be thrown into the eternal fire. 9   If it is your eye that is your undoing, tear it out and fling it away; it is better to enter into life with one eye than to keep both eyes and be thrown into the fires of hell.

10   ‘Never despise one of these little ones; I tell you, they have their guardian angels in heaven, who look continually on the face of my heavenly Father. ^note

12   ‘What do you think? Suppose a man has a hundred sheep. If one of them strays, does he not leave the other ninety-nine on the hillside and go in search of the one that strayed? 13   And if he should find it, I tell you this: he is more delighted over that sheep than over the ninety-nine that never strayed. 14   In the same way, it is not your heavenly Father's will that one of these little ones should be lost.

15   ‘If your brother commits a sin, ^note go and take the matter up with him, strictly between yourselves, and if he listens to you, you have won your brother over. 16   If he will not listen, take one or two others with you, so that all facts may be duly established on the evidence of two or three witnesses. 17   If he refuses to listen to them, report the matter to the congregation; and if he will not listen even to the congregation, you must then treat him as you would a pagan or a tax-gatherer.

18   ‘I tell you this: whatever you forbid on earth shall be forbidden in heaven, and whatever you allow on earth shall be allowed in heaven.

19   ‘Again I tell you this: if two of you agree on earth about any request you have to make, that request will be granted by my

Jesus and his disciples heavenly Father. 20   For where two or three have met together in my name, I am there among them.’

21   Then Peter came up and asked him, ‘Lord, how often am I to forgive my brother if he goes on wronging me? As many as seven times?’ 22   Jesus replied, ‘I do not say seven times; I say seventy times seven. ^note

23   ‘The kingdom of Heaven, therefore, should be thought of in this way: There was once a king who decided to settle accounts with the men who served him. 24   At the outset there appeared before him a man whose debt ran into millions. ^note 25   Since he had no means of paying, his master ordered him to be sold to meet the debt, with his wife, his children, and everything he had. 26   The man fell prostrate at his master's feet. “Be patient with me,” he said, “and I will pay in full”; 27   and the master was so moved with pity that he let the man go and remitted the debt. 28   But no sooner had the man gone out than he met a fellow-servant who owed him a few pounds; ^note and catching hold of him he gripped him by the throat and said, “Pay me what you owe.” 29   The man fell at his fellow-servant's feet, and begged him, “Be patient with me, and I will pay you”; 30   but he refused, and had him jailed until he should pay the debt. 31   The other servants were deeply distressed when they saw what had happened, and they went to their master and told him the whole story. 32   He accordingly sent for the man. “You scoundrel!” he said to him; “I remitted the whole of your debt when you appealed to me; 33   were you not bound to show your fellow-servant the same pity as I showed you?” 34   And so angry was the master that he condemned the man to torture until he should pay the debt in full. 35   And that is how my heavenly Father will deal with you, unless you each forgive your brother from your hearts.’

1   When Jesus had finished this discourse he left Galilee and came into the region of Judaea across Jordan. 2   Great crowds followed him, and he healed them there.

3   Some Pharisees came and tested him by asking, ‘Is it lawful for a man to divorce his wife on any and every ground?’ ^note 4   He asked in return, ‘Have you never read that the Creator made them from the

Jesus and his disciples beginning male and female?’; 5   and he added, ‘For this reason a man shall leave his father and mother, and be made one with his wife; and the two shall become one flesh. 6   It follows that they are no longer two individuals: they are one flesh. What God has joined together, man must not separate.’ 7   ‘Why then,’ they objected, ‘did Moses lay it down that a man might divorce his wife by note of dismissal?’ 8   He answered, ‘It was because your minds were closed that Moses gave you permission to divorce your wives; but it was not like that when all began. 9   I tell you, if a man divorces his wife for any cause other than unchastity, and marries another, he commits adultery.’ ^note

10   The disciples said to him, ‘If that is the position with husband and wife, it is better not to marry.’ 11   To this he replied, ‘That is something which not everyone can accept, but only those for whom God has appointed it. 12   For while some are incapable of marriage because they were born so, or were made so by men, there are others who have themselves renounced marriage for the sake of the kingdom of Heaven. Let those accept it who can.’

13   They brought children for him to lay his hands on them with prayer. 14   The disciples rebuked them, but Jesus said to them, ‘Let the children come to me; do not try to stop them; for the kingdom of Heaven belongs to such as these.’ 15   And he laid his hands on the children, and went his way.

16   And now a man came up and asked him, ‘Master, what good must I do to gain eternal life?’ ‘Good?’ said Jesus. 17   ‘Why do you ask me about that? One alone is good. But if you wish to enter into life, keep the commandments.’ 18   ‘Which commandments?’ he asked. Jesus answered, ‘Do not murder; do not commit adultery; do not steal; 19   do not give false evidence; honour your father and mother; and love your neighbour as yourself.’ 20   The young man answered, ‘I have kept all these. 21   Where do I still fall short?’ Jesus said to him, ‘If you wish to go the whole way, go, sell your possessions, and give to the poor, and then you will have riches in heaven; and come, follow me.’ 22   When the young man heard this, he went away with a heavy heart; for he was a man of great wealth.

23   Jesus said to his disciples, ‘I tell you this: a rich man will find it hard to enter the kingdom of Heaven. 24   I repeat, it is easier for

Jesus and his disciples a camel to pass through the eye of a needle than for a rich man to enter the kingdom of God.’ 25   The disciples were amazed to hear this. 26   ‘Then who can be saved?’ they asked. Jesus looked at them, and said, ‘For men this is impossible; but everything is possible for God.’

27   At this Peter said, ‘We here have left everything to become your followers. 28   What will there be for us?’ Jesus replied, ‘I tell you this: in the world that is to be, when the Son of Man is seated on his throne in heavenly splendour, you my followers will have thrones of your own, where you will sit as judges of the twelve tribes of Israel. 29   And anyone who has left brothers or sisters, father, mother, or children, land or houses for the sake of my name will be repaid many times over, and gain eternal life. 30   But many who are first will be last, and the last first.

1   ‘The kingdom of Heaven is like this. There was once a landowner who went out early one morning to hire labourers for his vineyard; 2   and after agreeing to pay them the usual day's wage ^note he sent them off to work. 3   Going out three hours later he saw some more men standing idle in the market-place. 4   “Go and join the others in the vineyard,” he said, “and I will pay you a fair wage”; so off they went. 5   At midday he went out again, and at three in the afternoon, and made the same arrangement as before. 6   An hour before sunset he went out and found another group standing there; so he said to them, “Why are you standing about like this all day with nothing to do?” 7   “Because no one has hired us”, they replied; so he told them, “Go and join the others in the vineyard.” 8   When evening fell, the owner of the vineyard said to his steward, “Call the labourers and give them their pay, beginning with those who came last and ending with the first.” 9   Those who had started work an hour before sunset came forward, and were paid the full day's wage. ^note 10   When it was the turn of the men who had come first, they expected something extra, but were paid the same amount as the others. 11   As they took it, they grumbled at their employer: 12   “These late-comers have done only one hour's work, yet you have put them on a level with us, who have sweated the whole day long in the blazing sun!” 13   The owner turned to one of them and said, “My friend, I am not being unfair to you. You agreed on the usual wage for the day, ^note did you not? 14   Take your pay and go home.

Jesus and his disciples 15   I choose to pay the last man the same as you. Surely I am free to do what I like with my own money. Why be jealous because I am kind?” 16   Thus will the last be first, and the first last.’

Challenge to Jerusalem

17   Jesus was journeying towards Jerusalem, and on the way he took the Twelve aside, 18   and said to them, ‘We are now going to Jerusalem, and the Son of Man will be given up to the chief priests and the doctors of the law; 19   they will condemn him to death and hand him over to the foreign power, to be mocked and flogged and crucified, and on the third day he will be raised to life again.’

20   The mother of Zebedee's sons then came before him, with her sons. 21   She bowed low and begged a favour. ‘What is it you wish?’ asked Jesus. ‘I want you’, she said, ‘to give orders that in your kingdom my two sons here may sit next to you, one at your right, and the other at your left.’ 22   Jesus turned to the brothers and said, ‘You do not understand what you are asking. Can you drink the cup that I am to drink?’ 23   ‘We can’, they replied. Then he said to them, ‘You shall indeed share my cup; but to sit at my right or left is not for me to grant; it is for those to whom it has already been assigned by my Father.’

24   When the other ten heard this, they were indignant with the two brothers. 25   So Jesus called them to him and said, ‘You know that in the world, rulers lord it over their subjects, and their great men make them feel the weight of authority; 26   but it shall not be so with you. Among you, whoever wants to be great must be your servant, 27   and whoever wants to be first must be the willing slave of all— like the Son of Man; 28   he did not come to be served, but to serve, and to give up his life as a ransom for many.’

29   As they were leaving Jericho he was followed by a great crowd of people. 30   At the roadside sat two blind men. When they heard it said that Jesus was passing they shouted, ‘Have pity on us, Son of David.’ 31   The people told them sharply to be quiet. But they shouted all the more, ‘Sir, have pity on us; have pity on us, Son of David.’ 32   Jesus stopped and called the men. ‘What do you want me to do for you?’ he asked. 33    34   ‘Sir,’ they answered, ‘we want our sight.’ 35   Jesus was

Challenge to Jerusalem deeply moved, and touched their eyes. At once their sight came back, and they followed him.

1   They were now nearing Jerusalem; and when they reached Bethphage at the Mount of Olives, 2   Jesus sent two disciples with these instructions: ‘Go to the village opposite, where you will at once find a donkey tethered with her foal beside her; untie them, and bring them to me. 3   If anyone speaks to you, say, “Our Master needs them”; and he will let you take them at once.’ ^note 4   This was to fulfil the prophecy which says, 5   ‘Tell the daughter of Zion, “Here is your king, who comes to you in gentleness, riding on an ass, riding on the foal of a beast of burden.”’

6    7   The disciples went and did as Jesus had directed, and brought the donkey and her foal; they laid their cloaks on them and Jesus mounted. 8   Crowds of people carpeted the road with their cloaks, and some cut branches from the trees to spread in his path. 9   Then the crowd that went ahead and the others that came behind raised the shout: ‘Hosanna to the Son of David! Blessings on him who comes in the name of the Lord! Hosanna in the heavens!’

10   When he entered Jerusalem the whole city went wild with excitement. 11   ‘Who is this?’ people asked, and the crowd replied, ‘This is the prophet Jesus, from Nazareth in Galilee.’

12   Jesus then went into the temple and drove out all who were buying and selling in the temple precincts; he upset the tables of the money-changers and the seats of the dealers in pigeons; 13   and said to them, ‘Scripture says, “My house shall be called a house of prayer”; but you are making it a robbers' cave.’

14   In the temple blind men and cripples came to him, and he healed them. 15   The chief priests and doctors of the law saw the wonderful things he did, and heard the boys in the temple shouting, ‘Hosanna to the Son of David!’, 16   and they asked him indignantly, ‘Do you hear what they are saying?’ Jesus answered, ‘I do; have you never read that text, “Thou hast made children and babes at the breast sound aloud thy praise”?’ 17   Then he left them and went out of the city to Bethany, where he spent the night.

18    19   Next morning on his way to the city he felt hungry; and seeing a fig-tree at the roadside he went up to it, but found nothing on it but leaves. He said to the tree, ‘You shall never bear fruit any more!’;

Challenge to Jerusalem and the tree withered away at once. 20   The disciples were amazed at the sight. ‘How is it’, they asked, ‘that the tree has withered so suddenly?’ 21   Jesus answered them, ‘I tell you this: if only you have faith and have no doubts, you will do what has been done to the fig-tree; and more than that, you need only say to this mountain, “Be lifted from your place and hurled into the sea”, and what you say will be done. 22   And whatever you pray for in faith you will receive.’

23   He entered the temple, and the chief priests and elders of the nation came to him with the question: ‘By what authority are you acting like this? 24   Who gave you this authority?’ Jesus replied, ‘I have a question to ask you too; answer it, and I will tell you by what authority I act. 25   The baptism of John: was it from God, or from men?’ This set them arguing among themselves: ‘If we say, “from God”, he will say, “Then why did you not believe him?” 26   But if we say, “from men”, we are afraid of the people, for they all take John for a prophet.’ 27   So they answered, ‘We do not know.’ And Jesus said: ‘Then neither will I tell you by what authority I act.

28   ‘But what do you think about this? A man had two sons. He went to the first, and said, “My boy, go and work today in the vineyard.” 29    30   “I will, sir”, the boy replied; but he never went. The father came to the second and said the same. “I will not”, he replied, but afterwards he changed his mind and went. 31   Which of these two did as his father wished?’ ‘The second’, they said. Then Jesus answered, ‘I tell you this: tax-gatherers and prostitutes are entering the kingdom of God ahead of you. 32   For when John came to show you the right way to live, you did not believe him, but the tax-gatherers and prostitutes did; and even when you had seen that, you did not change your minds and believe him.

33   ‘Listen to another parable. There was a landowner who planted a vineyard: he put a wall round it, hewed out a winepress, and built a watch-tower; then he let it out to vine-growers and went abroad. 34   When the vintage season approached, he sent his servants to the tenants to collect the produce due to him. 35   But they took his servants and thrashed one, killed another, and stoned a third. 36   Again, he sent other servants, this time a larger number; and they did the same to them. 37   At last he sent to them his son. “They will respect my son”, he said. 38   But when they saw the son the tenants said to one another, “This is the heir; come on, let us kill him, and get his

Challenge to Jerusalem inheritance.” 39   And they took him, flung him out of the vineyard, and killed him. 40   When the owner of the vineyard comes, how do you think he will deal with those tenants?’ 41   ‘He will bring those bad men to a bad end’, they answered, ‘and hand the vineyard over to other tenants, who will let him have his share of the crop when the season comes.’ 42   Then Jesus said to them, ‘Have you never read in the scriptures: “The stone which the builders rejected has become the main corner-stone. This is the Lord's doing, and it is wonderful in our eyes”? 43   Therefore, I tell you, the kingdom of God will be taken away from you, and given to a nation that yields the proper fruit.’ ^note

45   When the chief priests and Pharisees heard his parables, they saw that he was referring to them; 46   they wanted to arrest him, but they were afraid of the people, who looked on Jesus as a prophet.

1    2   Then Jesus spoke to them again in parables: ‘The kingdom of Heaven is like this. There was a king who prepared a feast for his son's wedding; 3   but when he sent his servants to summon the guests he had invited, they would not come. 4   He sent others again, telling them to say to the guests, “See now! I have prepared this feast for you. I have had my bullocks and fatted beasts slaughtered; everything is ready; come to the wedding at once.” 5   But they took no notice; 6   one went off to his farm, another to his business, and the others seized the servants, attacked them brutally, and killed them. 7   The king was furious; he sent troops to kill those murderers and set their town on fire. 8   Then he said to his servants, “The wedding-feast is ready; but the guests I invited did not deserve the honour. 9   Go out to the main thoroughfares, and invite everyone you can find to the wedding.” 10   The servants went out into the streets, and collected all they could find, good and bad alike. So the hall was packed with guests.

11   ‘When the king came in to see the company at table, he observed one man who was not dressed for a wedding. 12   “My friend,” said the king, “how do you come to be here without your wedding clothes?” 13   He had nothing to say. The king then said to his attendants, “Bind him hand and foot; turn him out into the dark, the place of wailing and grinding of teeth.” 14   For though many are invited, few are chosen.’

Challenge to Jerusalem

15   Then the Pharisees went away and agreed on a plan to trap him in his own words. 16   Some of their followers were sent to him in company with men of Herod's party. They said, ‘Master, you are an honest man, we know; you teach in all honesty the way of life that God requires, truckling to no man, whoever he may be. 17   Give us your ruling on this: are we or are we not permitted to pay taxes to the Roman Emperor?’ 18   Jesus was aware of their malicious intention and said to them, ‘You hypocrites! Why are you trying to catch me out? 19   Show me the money in which the tax is paid.’ They handed him a silver piece. 20   Jesus asked, ‘Whose head is this, and whose inscription?’ 21   ‘Caesar's,’, they replied. He said to them, ‘Then pay Caesar what is due to Caesar, and pay God what is due to God.’ 22   This answer took them by surprise, and they went away and left him alone.

23   The same day Sadducees came to him, maintaining that there is no resurrection. 24   Their question was this: ‘Master, Moses said, “If a man should die childless, his brother shall marry the widow and carry on his brother's family.” 25   Now we knew of seven brothers. The first married and died, and as he was without issue his wife was left to his brother. 26   The same thing happened with the second, and the third, and so on with all seven. 27   Last of all the woman died. 28   At the resurrection, then, whose wife will she be, for they had all married her?’ 29   Jesus answered: ‘You are mistaken, because you know neither the scriptures nor the power of God. 30   At the resurrection men and women do not marry; they are like angels in heaven.

31   ‘But about the resurrection of the dead, have you never read what God himself said to you: 32   “I am the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob”? He is not God of the dead but of the living.’ 33   The people heard what he said, and were astounded at his teaching.

34   Hearing that he had silenced the Sadducees, the Pharisees met together; and one of their number ^note tested him with this question: 35    ‘Master, which is the greatest commandment in the Law?’ 36    37   He answered, ‘“Love the Lord your God with all your heart, with all your soul, with all your mind.” 38   That is the greatest commandment. 39   It comes first. The second is like it: “Love your neighbour as yourself.” 40   Everything in the Law and the prophets hangs on these two commandments.’

Challenge to Jerusalem

41    42   Turning to the assembled Pharisees Jesus asked them, ‘What is your opinion about the Messiah? Whose son is he?’ ‘The son of David’, they replied. 43   ‘How then is it’, he asked, ‘that David by inspiration calls him “Lord”? 44   For he says, “The Lord said to my Lord, ‘Sit at my right hand until I put your enemies under your feet.’” 45   If David calls him “Lord”, how can he be David's son?’ 46   Not a man could say a word in reply;and from that day forward no one dared ask him another question.

1    2   Jesus then addressed the people and his disciples in these words: ‘The doctors of the law and the Pharisees sit in the chair of Moses; therefore do what they tell you; pay attention to their words. 3   But do not follow their practice; for they say one thing and do another. 4   They make up heavy packs and pile them on men's shoulders, but will not raise a finger to lift the load themselves. 5   Whatever they do is done for show. They go about with broad phylacteries ^note and with large tassels on their robes; 6   they like to have places of honour at feasts and the chief seats in synagogues, 7   to be greeted respectfully in the street, and to be addressed as “rabbi”.

8   ‘But you must not be called “rabbi”; for you have one Rabbi, and you are all brothers. 9   Do not call any man on earth “father”; for you have one Father, and he is in heaven. 10   Nor must you be called “teacher”; you have one Teacher, the Messiah. 11   The greatest among you must be your servant. 12   For whoever exalts himself will be humbled; and whoever humbles himself will be exalted.

13   ‘Alas, alas for you, lawyers and Pharisees, hypocrites that you are! You shut the door of the kingdom of Heaven in men's faces; you do not enter yourselves, and when others are entering, you stop them. ^note

15   ‘Alas for you, lawyers and Pharisees, hypocrites! You travel over sea and land to win one convert; and when you have won him you make him twice as fit for hell as you are yourselves.

16   ‘Alas for you, blind guides! You say, “If a man swears by the sanctuary, that is nothing; but if he swears by the gold in the sanctuary, he is bound by his oath.” 17   Blind fools! Which is the more important, the gold, or the sanctuary which sanctifies the gold? 18   Or

Challenge to Jerusalem you say, “If a man swears by the altar, that is nothing; but if he swears by the offering that lies on the altar, he is bound by his oath.” What blindness! 19   Which is the more important, the offering, or the altar which sanctifies it? 20   To swear by the altar, then, is to swear both by the altar and by whatever lies on it; 21   to swear by the sanctuary is to swear both by the sanctuary and by him who dwells there; 22   and to swear by heaven is to swear both by the throne of God and by him who sits upon it.

23   ‘Alas for you, lawyers and Pharisees, hypocrites! You pay tithes of mint and dill and cummin; but you have overlooked the weightier demands of the Law, justice, mercy, and good faith. It is these you should have practised, without neglecting the others. 24   Blind guides! You strain off a midge, yet gulp down a camel!

25   ‘Alas for you, lawyers and Pharisees, hypocrites! You clean the outside of cup and dish, which you have filled inside by robbery and self-indulgence! 26   Blind Pharisee! Clean the inside of the cup first; then the outside will be clean also.

27   ‘Alas for you, lawyers and Pharisees, hypocrites! You are like tombs covered with whitewash; they look well from outside, but inside they are full of dead men's bones and all kinds of filth. 28   So it is with you: outside you look like honest men, but inside you are brim-full of hypocrisy and crime.

29   ‘Alas for you, lawyers and Pharisees, hypocrites! You build up the tombs of the prophets and embellish the monuments of the saints, 30   and you say, “If we had been alive in our fathers' time, we should never have taken part with them in the murder of the prophets.” 31   So you acknowledge that you are the sons of the men who killed the prophets. 32   Go on then, finish off what your fathers began! ^note

33   ‘You snakes, you vipers’ brood, how can you escape being condemned to hell? 34   I send you therefore prophets, sages, and teachers; some of them you will kill and crucify, others you will flog in your synagogues and hound from city to city. 35   And so, on you will fall the guilt of all the innocent blood spilt on the ground, from innocent Abel to Zechariah son of Berachiah, whom you murdered between the sanctuary and the altar. 36   Believe me, this generation will bear the guilt of it all.

37   ‘O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, the city that murders the prophets and

Challenge to Jerusalem stones the messengers sent to her! How often have I longed to gather your children, as a hen gathers her brood under her wings; but you would not let me. 38   Look, look! there is your temple, forsaken by God. ^{note note} 39   And I tell you, you shall never see me until the time when you say, “Blessings on him who comes in the name of the Lord.”’ Prophecies and warnings

1   Jesus was leaving the temple when his disciples came and pointed to the temple buildings. 2   He answered, ‘Yes, look at it all. I tell you this: not one stone will be left upon another; all will be thrown down.’

3   When he was sitting on the Mount of Olives the disciples came to speak to him privately. ‘Tell us,’ they said, ‘when will this happen? And what will be the signal for your coming and the end of the age?’

4    5   Jesus replied: ‘Take care that no one misleads you. For many will come claiming my name and saying, “I am the Messiah”; and many will be misled by them. 6   The time is coming when you will hear the noise of battle near at hand and the news of battles far away; see that you are not alarmed. Such things are bound to happen; but the end is still to come. 7   For nation will make war upon nation, kingdom upon kingdom; there will be famines and earthquakes in many places. 8   With all these things the birth-pangs of the new age begin.

9   ‘You will then be handed over for punishment and execution; and men of all nations will hate you for your allegiance to me. 10   Many will fall from their faith; they will betray one another and hate one another. 11   Many false prophets will arise, and will mislead many; and as lawlessness spreads, 12   men's love for one another will grow cold. 13    14   But the man who holds out to the end will be saved. And this gospel of the Kingdom will be proclaimed throughout the earth as a testimony to all nations; and then the end will come.

15   ‘So when you see “the abomination of desolation”, of which the prophet Daniel spoke, standing in the holy place (let the reader understand), 16   then those who are in Judaea must take to the hills. 17   If a man is on the roof, he must not come down to fetch his goods

Prophecies and warnings from the house; 18   if in the field, he must not turn back for his coat. 19   Alas for women with child in those days, and for those who have children at the breast! 20   Pray that it may not be winter when you have to make your escape, or Sabbath. 21   It will be a time of great distress; there has never been such a time from the beginning of the world until now, and will never be again. 22   If that time of troubles were not cut short, no living thing could survive; but for the sake of God's chosen it will be cut short.

23   ‘Then, if anyone says to you, “Look, here is the Messiah”, or, “There he is”, do not believe it. 24   Impostors will come claiming to be messiahs or prophets, and they will produce great signs and wonders to mislead even God's chosen, if such a thing were possible. 25   See, I have forewarned you. 26   If they tell you, “He is there in the wilderness”, do not go out; or if they say, “He is there in the inner room”, do not believe it. 27   Like lightning from the east, flashing as far as the west, will be the coming of the Son of Man.

28   ‘Wherever the corpse is, there the vultures will gather.

29   ‘As soon as the distress of those days has passed, the sun will be darkened, the moon will not give her light, the stars will fall from the sky, the celestial powers will be shaken. 30   Then will appear in heaven the sign that heralds the Son of Man. All the peoples of the world will make lamentation, and they will see the Son of Man coming on the clouds of heaven with great power and glory. 31   With a trumpet blast he will send out his angels, and they will gather his chosen from the four winds, from the farthest bounds of heaven on every side.

32   ‘Learn a lesson from the fig-tree. When its tender shoots appear and are breaking into leaf, you know that summer is near. 33   In the same way, when you see all these things, you may know that the end is near, ^note at the very door. 34   I tell you this: the present generation will live to see it all. 35   Heaven and earth will pass away; my words will never pass away.

36   ‘But about that day and hour no one knows, not even the angels in heaven, not even the Son; only the Father.

37   ‘As things were in Noah's days, so will they be when the Son of Man comes. 38   In the days before the flood they ate and drank and married, 39   until the day that Noah went into the ark, and they knew nothing until the flood came and swept them all away. That is how

Prophecies and warnings it will be when the Son of Man comes. 40   Then there will be two men in the field; 41   one will be taken, the other left; two women grinding at the mill; one will be taken, the other left.

42   ‘Keep awake, then; for you do not know on what day your Lord is to come. 43   Remember, if the householder had known at what time of night the burglar was coming, he would have kept awake and not have let his house be broken into. 44   Hold yourselves ready, therefore, because the Son of Man will come at the time you least expect him.

45   ‘Who is the trusty servant, the sensible man charged by his master to manage his household staff and issue their rations at the proper time? 46   Happy that servant who is found at his task when his master comes! 47   I tell you this: he will be put in charge of all his master's property. 48   But if he is a bad servant and says to himself, “The master is a long time coming”, 49   and begins to bully the other servants and to eat and drink with his drunken friends, 50   then the master will arrive on a day that servant does not expect, at a time he does not know, and will cut him in pieces. 51   Thus he will find his place among the hypocrites, where there is wailing and grinding of teeth.

1   ‘When that day comes, the kingdom of Heaven will be like this. There were ten girls, who took their lamps and went out to meet the bridegroom. 2    3   Five of them were foolish, and five prudent; when the foolish ones took their lamps, 4   they took no oil with them, but the others took flasks of oil with their lamps. 5   As the bridegroom was late in coming they all dozed off to sleep. 6   But at midnight a cry was heard: “Here is the bridegroom! 7   Come out to meet him.” With that the girls all got up and trimmed their lamps. 8   The foolish said to the prudent, “Our lamps are going out; give us some of your oil.” 9   “No,” they said; “there will never be enough for all of us. You had better go to the shop and buy some for yourselves.” 10   While they were away the bridegroom arrived; those who were ready went in with him to the wedding; and the door was shut. 11   And then the other five came back. “Sir, sir,” they cried, “open the door for us.” 12    13   But he answered, “I declare, I do not know you.” Keep awake then; for you never know the day or the hour.

14   ‘It is like a man going abroad, who called his servants and put his capital in their hands; 15   to one he gave five bags of gold, to another two, to another one, each according to his capacity. Then he left the country. 16   The man who had the five bags went at once and employed them in business, 17   and made a profit of five bags, and the man who

Prophecies and warnings had the two bags made two. 18   But the man who had been given one bag of gold went off and dug a hole in the ground, and hid his master's money. 19   A long time afterwards their master returned, and proceeded to settle accounts with them. 20   The man who had been given the five bags of gold came and produced the five he had made: “Master,” he said, “you left five bags with me; look, I have made five more.” 21   “Well done, my good and trusty servant!” said the master. “You have proved trustworthy in a small way; I will now put you in charge of something big. Come and share your master's delight.” 22   The man with the two bags then came and said, “Master, you left two bags with me; look, I have made two more.” 23   “Well done, my good and trusty servant!” said the master. “You have proved trustworthy in a small way; I will now put you in charge of something big. 24   Come and share your master's delight.” Then the man who had been given one bag came and said, “Master, I knew you to be a hard man: you reap where you have not sown, you gather where you have not scattered; 25   so I was afraid, and I went and hid your gold in the ground. 26   Here it is—you have what belongs to you.” “You lazy rascal!” said the master. “You knew that I reap where I have not sown, and gather where I have not scattered? 27   Then you ought to have put my money on deposit, and on my return I should have got it back with interest. 28   Take the bag of gold from him, and give it to the one with the ten bags. 29   For the man who has will always be given more, till he has enough and to spare; and the man who has not will forfeit even what he has. 30   Fling the useless servant out into the dark, the place of wailing and grinding of teeth!”

31   ‘When the Son of Man comes in his glory and all the angels with him, 32   he will sit in state on his throne, with all the nations gathered before him. He will separate men into two groups, as a shepherd separates the sheep from the goats, 33   and he will place the sheep on his right hand and the goats on his left. 34   Then the king will say to those on his right hand, “You have my Father's blessing; come, enter and possess the kingdom that has been ready for you since the world was made. 35   For when I was hungry, you gave me food; when thirsty, you gave me drink; when I was a stranger you took me into your home, when naked you clothed me; 36   when I was ill you came to my help, when in prison you visited me.” 37   Then the righteous will reply, “Lord, when was it that we saw you hungry and fed you, or thirsty and gave you drink, 38   a stranger and took you home, or naked and

Prophecies and warnings clothed you? 39   When did we see you ill or in prison, and come to visit you?” 40   And the king will answer, “I tell you this: anything you did for one of my brothers here, however humble, you did for me.” 41   Then he will say to those on his left hand, “The curse is upon you; go from my sight to the eternal fire that is ready for the devil and his angels. 42   For when I was hungry you gave me nothing to eat, when thirsty nothing to drink; 43   when I was a stranger you gave me no home, when naked you did not clothe me; when I was ill and in prison you did not come to my help.” 44   And they too will reply, “Lord, when was it that we saw you hungry or thirsty or a stranger or naked or ill or in prison, and did nothing for you?” 45   And he will answer, “I tell you this: anything you did not do for one of these, however humble, you did not do for me.” 46   And they will go away to eternal punishment, but the righteous will enter eternal life.’ The final conflict

1   When Jesus had finished this discourse he said to his disciples, ‘You know that in two days' time it will be Passover, 2   and the Son of Man is to be handed over for crucifixion.’

3   Then the chief priests and the elders of the nation met in the palace of the High Priest, Caiaphas; 4   and there they conferred together on a scheme to have Jesus arrested by some trick and put to death. 5   ‘It must not be during the festival,’ they said, ‘or there may be rioting among the people.’

6    7   Jesus was at Bethany in the house of Simon the leper, when a woman came to him with a small bottle of fragrant oil, very costly; and as he sat at table she began to pour it over his head. 8   The disciples were indignant when they saw it. 9   ‘Why this waste?’ they said; ‘it could have been sold for a good sum and the money given to the poor.’ 10   Jesus was aware of this, and said to them, ‘Why must you make trouble for the woman? It is a fine thing she has done for me. 11   You have the poor among you always; but you will not always have me. 12   When she poured this oil on my body it was her way of preparing me for burial. 13   I tell you this: wherever in all the world this gospel is proclaimed, what she has done will be told as her memorial.’

The final conflict

14   Then one of the Twelve, the man called Judas Iscariot, went to the chief priests and said, 15   ‘What will you give me to betray him to you?’ 16   They weighed him out ^note thirty silver pieces. From that moment he began to look out for an opportunity to betray him.

17   On the first day of Unleavened Bread the disciples came to ask Jesus, ‘Where would you like us to prepare for your Passover supper?’ 18   He answered, ‘Go to a certain man in the city, and tell him, “The Master says, ‘My appointed time is near; I am to keep Passover with my disciples at your house.’”’ 19   The disciples did as Jesus directed them and prepared for Passover.

20    21   In the evening he sat down with the twelve disciples; and during supper he said, ‘I tell you this: one of you will betray me.’ 22   In great distress they exclaimed one after the other, ‘Can you mean me, Lord?’ 23   He answered, ‘One who has dipped his hand into this bowl with me will betray me. 24   The Son of Man is going the way appointed for him in the scriptures; but alas for that man by whom the Son of Man is betrayed! It would be better for that man if he had never been born.’ 25   Then Judas spoke, the one who was to betray him: ‘Rabbi, can you mean me?’ Jesus replied, ‘The words are yours.’ ^note

26   During supper Jesus took bread, and having said the blessing he broke it and gave it to the disciples with the words: ‘Take this and eat; this is my body.’ 27   Then he took a cup, and having offered thanks to God he gave it to them with the words: ‘Drink from it, all of you. 28   For this is my blood, the blood of the covenant, shed for many for the forgiveness of sins. 29   I tell you, never again shall I drink from the fruit of the vine until that day when I drink it new with you in the kingdom of my Father.’

30   After singing the Passover Hymn, they went out to the Mount of Olives. 31   Then Jesus said to them, ‘Tonight you will all fall from your faith on my account; for it stands written: “I will strike the shepherd down and the sheep of his flock will be scattered.” 32   But after I am raised again, I will go on before you into Galilee.’ 33   Peter replied, ‘Everyone else may fall away on your account, but I never will.’ 34   Jesus said to him, ‘I tell you, tonight before the cock crows you will disown me three times.’ 35   Peter said, ‘Even if I must die with you, I will never disown you.’ And all the disciples said the same.

The final conflict

36   Jesus then came with his disciples to a place called Gethsemane. He said to them, ‘Sit here while I go over there to pray.’ 37   He took with him Peter and the two sons of Zebedee. Anguish and dismay came over him, 38   and he said to them, ‘My heart is ready to break with grief. 39   Stop here, and stay awake with me.’ He went on a little, fell on his face in prayer, and said, ‘My Father, if it is possible, let this cup pass me by. Yet not as I will, but as thou wilt.’

40   He came to the disciples and found them asleep; and he said to Peter, ‘What! Could none of you stay awake with me one hour? 41   Stay awake, and pray that you may be spared the test. The spirit is willing, but the flesh is weak.’

42   He went away a second time, and prayed: ‘My Father, if it is not possible for this cup to pass me by without my drinking it, thy will be done.’ 43   He came again and found them asleep, for their eyes were heavy. 44   So he left them and went away again; and he prayed the third time, using the same words as before.

45   Then he came to the disciples and said to them, ‘Still sleeping? Still taking your ease? The hour has come! The Son of Man is betrayed to sinful men. 46   Up, let us go forward; the traitor is upon us.’

47   While he was still speaking, Judas, one of the Twelve, appeared; with him was a great crowd armed with swords and cudgels, sent by the chief priests and the elders of the nation. 48   The traitor gave them this sign: 49   ‘The one I kiss is your man; seize him’; and stepping forward at once, he said, ‘Hail, Rabbi!’, and kissed him. 50   Jesus replied, ‘Friend, do what you are here to do.’ ^noteThey then came forward, seized Jesus, and held him fast.

51   At that moment one of those with Jesus reached for his sword and drew it, and he struck at the High Priest's servant and cut off his ear. 52   But Jesus said to him, ‘Put up your sword. All who take the sword die by the sword. 53   Do you suppose that I cannot appeal to my Father, who would at once send to my aid more than twelve legions of angels? 54   But how then could the scriptures be fulfilled, which say that this must be?’

55   At the same time Jesus spoke to the crowd: ‘Do you take me for a bandit, that you have come out with swords and cudgels to arrest me? Day after day I sat teaching in the temple, and you did not lay

The final conflict hands on me. 56   But this has all happened to fulfil what the prophets wrote.’

Then the disciples all deserted him and ran away.

57   Jesus was led off under arrest to the house of Caiaphas the High Priest, where the lawyers and elders were assembled. 58   Peter followed him at a distance till he came to the High Priest's courtyard, and going in he sat down there among the attendants, meaning to see the end of it all.

59   The chief priests and the whole Council tried to find some allegation against Jesus on which a death-sentence could be based; 60   but they failed to find one, though many came forward with false evidence. 61   Finally two men alleged that he had said, ‘I can pull down the temple of God, and rebuild it in three days.’ 62   At this the High Priest rose and said to him, ‘Have you no answer to the charge that these witnesses bring against you?’ 63   But Jesus kept silence. The High Priest then said, ‘By the living God I charge you to tell us: Are you the Messiah, the Son of God?’ 64   Jesus replied, ‘The words are yours. ^note But I tell you this: from now on, you will see the Son of Man seated at the right hand of God ^note and coming on the clouds of heaven.’ 65   At these words the High Priest tore his robes and exclaimed, ‘Blasphemy! Need we call further witnesses? You have heard the blasphemy. 66   What is your opinion?’ ‘He is guilty,’ they answered; ‘he should die.’

67   Then they spat in his face and struck him with their fists; and others said, 68   as they beat him, ‘Now, Messiah, if you are a prophet, tell us who hit you.’

69   Meanwhile Peter was sitting outside in the courtyard when a serving-maid accosted him and said, ‘You were there too with Jesus the Galilean.’ 70   Peter denied it in face of them all. ‘I do not know what you mean’, he said. 71   He then went out to the gateway, where another girl, seeing him, said to the people there, ‘This fellow was with Jesus of Nazareth.’ 72   Once again he denied it, saying with an oath, ‘I do not know the man.’ 73   Shortly afterwards the bystanders came up and said to Peter, ‘Surely you are another of them; your accent gives you away!’ 74   At this he broke into curses and declared with an oath: ‘I do not know the man.’ At that moment a cock crew; 75   and Peter remembered how Jesus had said, ‘Before the cock

The final conflict crows you will disown me three times.’ He went outside, and wept bitterly.

1   When morning came, the chief priests and the elders of the nation met in conference to plan the death of Jesus. 2   They then put him in chains and led him away, to hand him over to Pilate, the Roman Governor.

3   When Judas the traitor saw that Jesus had been condemned, he was seized with remorse, and returned the thirty silver pieces to the chief priests and elders. 4   ‘I have sinned,’ he said; ‘I have brought an innocent man to his death.’ But they said, ‘What is that to us? 5   See to that yourself.’ So he threw the money down in the temple and left them, and went and hanged himself.

6   Taking up the money, the chief priests argued: ‘This cannot be put into the temple fund; it is blood-money.’ 7   So after conferring they used it to buy the Potter's Field, as a burial-place for foreigners. 8   This explains the name ‘Blood Acre’, by which that field has been known ever since; 9   and in this way fulfilment was given to the prophetic utterance of Jeremiah: ‘They took ^note the thirty silver pieces, the price set on a man's head (for that was his price among the Israelites), 10   and gave the money for the potter's field, as the Lord directed me.’

11   Jesus was now brought before the Governor; and as he stood there the Governor asked him, ‘Are you the king of the Jews?’ 12   ‘The words are yours’, ^note said Jesus; and to the charges laid against him by the chief priests and elders he made no reply. 13   Then Pilate said to him, ‘Do you not hear all this evidence that is brought against you?’; 14   but he still refused to answer one word, to the Governor's great astonishment.

15   At the festival season it was the Governor's custom to release one prisoner chosen by the people. 16   There was then in custody a man of some notoriety, called Jesus ^note Bar-Abbas. 17   When they were assembled Pilate said to them, ‘Which would you like me to release to you—Jesus ^note Bar-Abbas, or Jesus called Messiah?’ 18   For he knew that it was out of malice that they had brought Jesus before him.

19   While Pilate was sitting in court a message came to him from his wife: ‘Have nothing to do with that innocent man; I was much troubled on his account in my dreams last night.’

The final conflict

20   Meanwhile the chief priests and elders had persuaded the crowd to ask for the release of Bar-Abbas and to have Jesus put to death. 21   So when the Governor asked, ‘Which of the two do you wish me to release to you?’, they said, ‘Bar-Abbas.’ 22   ‘Then what am I to do with Jesus called Messiah?’ asked Pilate; and with one voice they answered, ‘Crucify him!’ 23   ‘Why, what harm has he done?’ Pilate asked; but they shouted all the louder, ‘Crucify him!’

24   Pilate could see that nothing was being gained, and a riot was starting; so he took water and washed his hands in full view of the people, saying, ‘My hands are clean of this man's blood; see to that yourselves.’ 25   And with one voice the people cried, ‘His blood be on us, and on our children.’ 26   He then released Bar-Abbas to them; but he had Jesus flogged, and handed him over to be crucified.

27   Pilate's soldiers then took Jesus into the Governor's headquarters, where they collected the whole company round him. 28   They stripped him and dressed him in a scarlet mantle; 29   and plaiting a crown of thorns they placed it on his head, with a cane in his right hand. Falling on their knees before him they jeered at him: ‘Hail, King of the Jews!’ 30   They spat on him, and used the cane to beat him about the head. 31   When they had finished their mockery, they took off the mantle and dressed him in his own clothes.

32   Then they led him away to be crucified. On their way out they met a man from Cyrene, Simon by name, and pressed him into service to carry his cross.

33   So they came to a place called Golgotha (which means ‘Place of a skull’) and there he was offered a draught of wine mixed with gall; 34    but when he had tasted it he would not drink.

35   After fastening him to the cross they divided his clothes among them by casting lots, 36   and then sat down there to keep watch. 37   Over his head was placed the inscription giving the charge:‘This is Jesus the king of the Jews.’

38   Two bandits were crucified with him, one on his right and the other on his left.

39    40   The passers-by hurled abuse at him: they wagged their heads and cried, ‘You would pull the temple down, would you, and build it in three days? Come down from the cross and save yourself, if you are indeed the Son of God.’ 41   So too the chief priests with the lawyers

The final conflict and elders mocked at him: 42   ‘He saved others,’ they said, ‘but he cannot save himself. King of Israel, indeed! Let him come down now from the cross, and then we will believe him. 43   Did he trust in God? Let God rescue him, if he wants him—for he said he was God's Son.’ 44   Even the bandits who were crucified with him taunted him in the same way.

45   From midday a darkness fell over the whole land, which lasted until three in the afternoon; 46   and about three Jesus cried aloud, ‘Eli, Eli, lema sabachthani?’, which means, ‘My God, my God, why hast thou forsaken me?’ 47   Some of the bystanders, on hearing this, said, ‘He is calling Elijah.’ 48   One of them ran at once and fetched a sponge, which he soaked in sour wine, and held it to his lips on the end of a cane. 49   But the others said, ‘Let us see if Elijah will come to save him.’

50    51   Jesus again gave a loud cry, and breathed his last. At that moment the curtain of the temple was torn in two from top to bottom. 52   There was an earthquake, the rocks split and the graves opened, and many of God's saints were raised from sleep; 53   and coming out of their graves after his resurrection they entered the Holy City, where many saw them. 54   And when the centurion and his men who were keeping watch over Jesus saw the earthquake and all that was happening, they were filled with awe, and they said, ‘Truly this man was a son of God.’ ^note

55   A number of women were also present, watching from a distance; they had followed Jesus from Galilee and waited on him. 56   Among them were Mary of Magdala, Mary the mother of James and Joseph, and the mother of the sons of Zebedee.

57   When evening fell, there came a man of Arimathaea, Joseph by name, who was a man of means, and had himself become a disciple of Jesus. 58   He approached Pilate, and asked for the body of Jesus; and Pilate gave orders that he should have it. 59   Joseph took the body, wrapped it in a clean linen sheet, 60   and laid it in his own unused tomb, which he had cut out of the rock; he then rolled a large stone against the entrance, and went away. 61   Mary of Magdala was there, and the other Mary, sitting opposite the grave.

62   Next day, the morning after that Friday, the chief priests and the Pharisees came in a body to Pilate. 63   ‘Your Excellency,’ they said, ‘we recall how that impostor said while he was still alive, “I am

The final conflict to be raised again after three days.” 64   So will you give orders for the grave to be made secure until the third day? Otherwise his disciples may come, steal the body, and then tell the people that he has been raised from the dead; and the final deception will be worse than the first.’ 65   ‘You may have your guard,’ said Pilate; ‘go and make it secure as best you can.’ 66   So they went and made the grave secure; they sealed the stone, and left the guard in charge.

1   The Sabbath was over, and it was about daybreak on Sunday, when Mary of Magdala and the other Mary came to look at the grave. 2   Suddenly there was a violent earthquake; an angel of the Lord descended from heaven; he came to the stone and rolled it away, and sat himself down on it. 3   His face shone like lightning; his garments were white as snow. 4   At the sight of him the guards shook with fear and lay like the dead.

5   The angel then addressed the women: ‘You’, he said, ‘have nothing to fear. I know you are looking for Jesus who was crucified. 6   He is not here; he has been raised again, as he said he would be. 7   Come and see the place where he was laid, and then go quickly and tell his disciples: “He has been raised from the dead and is going on before you into Galilee; there you will see him.” That is what I had to tell you.’

8   They hurried away from the tomb in awe and great joy, and ran to tell the disciples. 9   Suddenly Jesus was there in their path. He gave them his greeting, and they came up and clasped his feet, falling prostrate before him. 10   Then Jesus said to them, ‘Do not be afraid. Go and take word to my brothers that they are to leave for Galilee. They will see me there.’

11   The women had started on their way when some of the guard went into the city and reported to the chief priests everything that had happened. 12   After meeting with the elders and conferring together, 13   the chief priests offered the soldiers a substantial bribe and told them to say, ‘His disciples came by night and stole the body while we were asleep.’ 14   They added, ‘If this should reach the Governor's ears, we will put matters right with him and see that you do not suffer.’ 15   So they took the money and did as they were told. This story became widely known, and is current in Jewish circles to this day.

16   The eleven disciples made their way to Galilee, to the mountain where Jesus had told them to meet him. 17   When they saw him, they

The final conflict fell prostrate before him, though some were doubtful. 18   Jesus then came up and spoke to them. He said: ‘Full authority in heaven and on earth has been committed to me. 19   Go forth therefore and make all nations my disciples; baptize men everywhere in the name of the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit, 20   and teach them to observe all that I have commanded you. And be assured, I am with you always, to the end of time.’

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