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Samuel Johnson [1778], The plays of William Shakspeare. In ten volumes. With the corrections and illustrations of various commentators; to which are added notes by Samuel Johnson and George Steevens. The second edition, Revised and Augmented (Printed for C. Bathurst [and] W. Strahan [etc.], London) [word count] [S10901].
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ACT III. SCENE I. The Palace. Enter Duke, Lords, and Oliver.

Duke.
Not see him since? Sir, sir, that cannot be:
But were I not the better part made mercy,
I should not seek an absent argument5 note
Of my revenge, thou present: But look to it;
Find out thy brother, wheresoe'er he is;
Seek him with candle: bring him dead or living,
Within this twelvemonth, or turn thou no more
To seek a living in our territory.
Thy lands, and all things that thou dost call thine,
Worth seizure, do we seize into our hands;
'Till thou canst quit thee by thy brother's mouth,
Of what we think against thee.

Oli.
Oh, that your highness knew my heart in this:
I never lov'd my brother in my life.

Duke.
More villain thou.—Well, push him out of doors;

-- 315 --


And let my officers of such a nature
Make an extent upon his house and lands6 note
:
Do this expediently7 note, and turn him going. [Exeunt. SCENE II. The Forest. Enter Orlando.

Orla.
Hang there, my verse, in witness of my love:
And, thou, thrice-crowned queen of night, survey8 note


With thy chaste eye, from thy pale sphere above,
  Thy huntress' name, that my full life doth sway.
O Rosalind! these trees shall be my books,
  And in their barks my thoughts I'll character;
That every eye, which in this forest looks,
  Shall see thy virtue witness'd every where.
Run, run, Orlando; carve, on every tree,
The fair, the chaste, and unexpressive she9 note



. [Exit. Enter Corin, and Clown.

Cor.

And how like you this shepherd's life, master Touchstone?

-- 316 --

Clo.

Truly, shepherd, in respect of itself, it is a good life; but in respect that it is a shepherd's life, it is naught. In respect that it is solitary, I like it very well; but in respect that it is private, it is a very vile life. Now in respect it is in the fields, it pleaseth me well; but in respect it is not in the court, it is tedious. As it is a spare life, look you, it fits my humour well; but as there is no more plenty in it, it goes much against my stomach. Hast any philosophy in thee, shepherd?

Cor.

No more, but that I know, the more one sickens, the worse at ease he is; and that he that wants money, means, and content, is without three good friends:—That the property of rain is to wet, and fire to burn: That good pasture makes fat sheep; and that a great cause of the night, is the lack of the sun: That he, that hath learned no wit by nature nor art1 note


, may complain of good breeding, or comes of a very dull kindred.

Clo.

Such a one is a natural philosopher2 note

. Wast ever in court, shepherd?

-- 317 --

Cor.

No, truly.

Clo.

Then thou art damn'd.

Cor.

Nay, I hope,—

Clo.

Truly, thou art damn'd; like an ill-roasted egg3 note

, all on one side.

Cor.

For not being at court? Your reason.

Clo.

4 noteWhy, if thou never wast at court, thou never saw'st good manners; if thou never saw'st good manners, then thy manners must be wicked; and wickedness is sin, and sin is damnation: Thou art in a parlous state, shepherd.

Cor.

Not a whit, Touchstone: those, that are good manners at the court, are as ridiculous in the country, as the behaviour of the country is most mockable at the court. You told me, you salute not at the court, but you kiss your hands; that courtesy would be uncleanly, if courtiers were shepherds.

Clo.

Instance, briefly; come, instance.

Cor.

Why, we are still handling our ewes; and their fells you know are greasy.

Clo.

Why, do not your courtiers' hands sweat?

-- 318 --

and is not the grease of a mutton as wholesome as the sweat of a man? Shallow, shallow: A better instance, I say; come.

Cor.

Besides, our hands are hard.

Clo.

Your lips will feel them the sooner. Shallow again: A more sounder instance, come.

Cor.

And they are often tarr'd over with the surgery of our sheep; And would you have us kiss tar? The courtier's hands are perfumed with civet.

Clo.

Most shallow man! Thou worms-meat, in respect of a good piece of flesh:—indeed!—Learn of the wise, and perpend: Civet is of a baser birth than tar; the very uncleanly flux of a cat. Mend the instance, shepherd.

Cor.

You have too courtly a wit for me; I'll rest.

Clo.

Wilt thou rest damn'd? God help thee, shallow man! God make incision in thee5 note






! thou art raw.

Cor.

Sir, I am a true labourer; I earn that I eat, get that I wear; owe no man hate, envy no man's happiness; glad of other men's good, content with my harm: and the greatest of my pride is, to see my ewes graze, and my lambs suck.

-- 319 --

Clo.

That is another simple sin in you; to bring the ewes and rams together, and to offer to get your living by the copulation of cattle: to be bawd to a bell-weather6 note; and to betray a she-lamb of a twelve-month to a crooked-pated, old, cuckoldly ram, out of all reasonable match. If thou be'st not damn'd for this, the devil himself will have no shepherds; I cannot see else how thou shouldst 'scape.

Cor.

Here comes young Mr. Ganimed, my new mistress's brother.

Enter Rosalind with a paper.
Ros.
From the east to western Inde,
No jewel is like Rosalind.
Her worth, being mounted on the wind,
Through all the world bears Rosalind.
All the pictures, fairest limn'd,
Are but black to Rosalind.
Let no face be kept in mind,
But the fair of Rosalind7 note







.

Clo.

I'll rhime you so, eight years together; dinners,

-- 320 --

and suppers, and sleeping hours excepted: it is the right butter-woman's rate to market8 note

9Q0364.

Ros.

Out, fool!

Clo.

For a taste:—



If a hart do lack a hind,
Let him seek out Rosalind.
If the cat will after kind,
So, be sure, will Rosalind.
Winter-garments must be lin'd,
So must slender Rosalind.
They that reap, must sheaf and bind;
Then to cart with Rosalind.
Sweetest nut hath sowrest rind,
Such a nut is Rosalind.
He that sweetest rose will find,
Must find love's prick, and Rosalind.

This is the very false gallop of verses; Why do you infect yourself with them?

Ros.

Peace, you dull fool; I found them on a tree.

Clo.

Truly, the tree yields bad fruit.

Ros.

I'll graff it with you, and then I shall graff it with a medler: then it will be the earliest fruit i'the country; for you'll be rotten ere you be half ripe, and that's the right virtue of the medler.

Clo.

You have said; but whether wisely or no, let the forest judge.

Enter Celia, with a writing.

Ros.
Peace!
Here comes my sister, reading; stand aside.

-- 321 --


Cel.
Why should this desert silent9 note



be?
  For it is unpeopled? No;
Tongues I'll hang on every tree,
  That shall civil sayings show1 note.
Some, how brief the life of man
  Runs his erring pilgrimage;
That the stretching of a span
  Buckles in his sum of age.
Some, of violated vows
  'Twixt the souls of friend and friend:
But upon the fairest boughs,
  Or at every sentence' end,
Will I Rosalinda write;
  Teaching all that read, to know
This quintessence of every sprite
  Heaven would in little show.
Therefore heaven nature charg'd2 note







  That one body should be fill'd

-- 322 --


With all graces wide enlarg'd:
  Nature presently distill'd
Helen's cheek, but not her heart;
  Cleopatra's majesty;
Atalanta's better part3 note





note mean her virtue or virgin chastity, with which nature had graced Rosalind, together with Helen's beauty without her heart or lewdness, with Cleopatra's dignity of behaviour, and with Lucretia's modesty, that scorned to survive the loss of honour? Pliny's Nat. Hist. b. xxxv. c. 3. mentions the portraits of Atalanta and Helen, utraque excellentissima forma, sed altera ut virgo. That is, “both of them for beauty, incomparable, and yet a man may discerne the one [Atalanta] of them to be a maiden, for her modest and chaste countenance,” as Dr. P. Holland translated the passage, of which probably our poet had taken notice, for surely he had judgment in painting. Tollet.

I suppose Atalanta's better part is her wit, i. e. the swiftness of her mind. Farmer.

Shakespeare might have taken part of this enumeration of distinguished females from John Grange's Golden Aphroditis, 1577. “—who seemest in my sight faire Helen of Troy, Polixene, Calliope, yea Atlanta hir selfe in beauty to surpasse, Pandora in qualities, Penelope and Lucretia in chastenesse to deface.” Again, ibid:


“Polixene fayre, Caliop, and
  “Penelop may give place;
Atlanta, and dame Lucres fayre
  “She doth them both deface.”

Again, ibid: “Atlanta who sometyme bore the bell of beauties price in that hyr native soyle.” Johnson.

;
  4 noteSad Lucretia's modesty.

-- 323 --


Thus Rosalind of many parts
  By heavenly synod was devis'd;
Of many faces, eyes, and hearts,
  To have the touches5 note dearest priz'd.
Heaven would that she these gifts should have,
And I to live and die her slave.

Ros.

O most gentle Jupiter!—what tedious homily of love have you wearied your parishioners withal, and never cry'd, Have patience, good people!

Cel.

How now! back-friends?—Shepherd, go off a little:—Go with him, sirrah.

Clo.

Come, shepherd, let us make an honourable retreat: though not with bag and baggage, yet with scrip and scrippage.

[Exeunt Corin, and Clown.

Cel.

Didst thou hear these verses?

Ros.

O, yes, I heard them all, and more too; for some of them had in them more feet than the verses would bear.

Cel.

That's no matter; the feet might bear the verses.

Ros.

Ay, but the feet were lame, and could not bear themselves without the verse, and therefore stood lamely in the verse.

Cel.

But didst thou hear, without wondring how thy name should be hang'd and carv'd upon these trees?

Ros.

I was seven of the nine days out of wonder, before you came; for look here what I found on a palm-tree: 6 note







I was never so be-rhimed since Pythagoras'

-- 324 --

time, that I was an Irish rat, which I can hardly remember.

Cel.

Trow you, who hath done this?

Ros.

Is it a man?

Cel.

And a chain, that you once wore, about his neck: Change you colour?

Ros.

I pr'ythee, who?

Cel.

O lord, lord! it is a hard matter for friends to meet7 note
; but mountains may be remov'd with earthquakes,
and so encounter. 9Q0366

Ros.

Nay, but who is it?

Cel.

Is it possible?

Ros.

Nay, I pry'thee now, with most petitionary vehemence, tell me who it is.

Cel.

O wonderful, wonderful, and most wonderful wonderful, and yet again wonderful, and after that out of all whooping!

Ros.

8 note


Good my complexion! dost thou think,

-- 325 --

though I am caparison'd like a man, I have a doublet and hose in my disposition? 9 note

One inch of delay more is a South-sea off discovery. I pr'ythee, tell me, who is it? quickly, and speak apace: I would thou couldst stammer, that thou might'st pour this concealed man out of thy mouth, as wine comes out of a narrow-mouth'd bottle; either too much at once, or none at all. I pr'ythee take the cork out of thy mouth, that I may drink thy tidings.

Cel.

So you may put a man in your belly.

Ros.

Is he of God's making? What manner of

-- 326 --

man? Is his head worth a hat, or his chin worth a beard?

Cel.

Nay, he hath but a little beard.

Ros.

Why, God will send more, if the man will be thankful: let me stay the growth of his beard, if thou delay me not the knowledge of his chin.

Cel.

It is young Orlando, that tripp'd up the wrestler's heels, and your heart, both in an instant.

Ros.

Nay, but the devil take mocking; speak sad brow, and true maid.

Cel.

I'faith, coz, 'tis he.

Ros.

Orlando?

Cel.

Orlando.

Ros.

Alas the day! what shall I do with my doublet and hose?—What did he, when thou saw'st him? What said he? How look'd he? Wherein went he? What makes he here? Did he ask for me? Where remains he? How parted he with thee? and when shalt thou see him again? Answer me in one word.

Cel.

You must borrow me Garagantua's 1 note

mouth first: 'tis a word too great for any mouth of this age's size: To say, ay, and no, to these particulars, is more than to answer in a catechism.

Ros.

But doth he know that I am in this forest, and in man's apparel? Looks he as freshly as he did the day he wrestled?

Cel.

It is as easy to count atomies, as to resolve the propositions of a lover:—but take a taste of my finding

-- 327 --

him, and relish it with good observance. I found him under a tree, like a dropp'd acorn2 note


.

Ros.

It may well be call'd Jove's tree, when it drops forth such fruit.

Cel.

Give me audience, good madam.

Ros.

Proceed.

Cel.

There lay he, stretch'd along, like a wounded knight.

Ros.

Though it be pity to see such a sight, it well becomes the ground.

Cel.

Cry, holla! to thy tongue 9Q0367, I pr'thee; it curvets unseasonably. He was furnish'd like a hunter.

Ros.

Oh ominous! he comes to kill my heart.

Cel.

I would sing my song without a burden: thou bring'st me out of tune.

Ros.

Do you not know I am a woman? when I think, I must speak. Sweet, say on.

Enter Orlando, and Jaques.

Cel.

You bring me out:—Soft! comes he not here?

Ros.

'Tis he; Slink by, and note him.

[Celia and Rosalind retire.

Jaq.

I thank you for your company; but, good faith, I had as lief have been myself alone.

Orla.

And so had I; but yet, for fashion sake, I thank you too for your society.

Jaq.

God be with you; let's meet as little as we can.

Orla.

I do desire we may be better strangers.

-- 328 --

Jaq.

I pray you, mar no more trees with writing love-songs in their barks.

Orla.

I pray you, mar no more of my verses with reading them ill-favouredly.

Jaq.

Rosalind is your love's name?

Orla.

Yes, just.

Jaq.

I do not like her name.

Orla.

There was no thought of pleasing you, when she was christen'd.

Jaq.

What stature is she of?

Orla.

Just as high as my heart.

Jaq.

You are full of pretty answers: Have you not been acquainted with goldsmiths wives, and conn'd them out of rings?

Orla.

Not so: 3 note















but I answer you right painted cloth, from whence you have studied your questions.

-- 329 --

Jaq.

You have a nimble wit; I think it was made of Atalanta's heels. Will you sit down with me; and we two will rail against our mistress, the world, and all our misery.

Orla.

I will chide no breather in the world, but myself, against whom I know most faults.

Jaq.

The worst fault you have is, to be in love.

Orla.

'Tis a fault I would not change for your best virtue. I am weary of you.

Jaq.

By my troth, I was seeking for a fool, when I found you.

Orla.

He is drown'd in the brook; look but in, and you shall see him.

Jaq.

There I shall see mine own figure.

Orla.

Which I take to be either a fool, or a cypher.

-- 330 --

Jaq.

I'll tarry no longer with you: farewel, good signior love.

[Exit.

Orla.

I am glad of your departure: adieu, good monsieur melancholy.

[Cel. and Ros. come forward.

Ros.

I will speak to him like a saucy lacquey, and under that habit play the knave with him.—Do you hear, forester?

Orla.

Very well; What would you?

Ros.

I pray you, what is't a clock?

Orla.

You should ask me, what time o'day; there's no clock in the forest.

Ros.

Then there is no true lover in the forest; else sighing every minute, and groaning every hour, would detect the lazy foot of time, as well as a clock.

Orla.

And why not the swift foot of time? had not that been as proper?

Ros.

By no means, sir: Time travels in divers paces with divers persons: I'll tell you who time ambles withal, who time trots withal, who time gallops withal, and who he stands still withal.

Orla.

I pr'ythee, whom doth he trot withal?

Ros.

Marry, he trots hard with a young maid, between the contract of her marriage and the day it is solemniz'd: if the interim be but a se'nnight, time's pace is so hard that it seems the length of seven years.

Orla.

Who ambles time withal?

Ros.

With a priest that lacks Latin, and a rich man that hath not the gout: for the one sleeps easily, because he cannot study; and the other lives merrily, because he feels no pain: the one lacking the burden of lean and wasteful learning; the other knowing no burden of heavy tedious penury: These time ambles withal.

Orla.

Whom doth he gallop withal?

Ros.

With a thief to the gallows: for though he go as softly as foot can fall, he thinks himself too soon there.

Orla.

Who stays it still withal?

-- 331 --

Ros.

With lawyers in the vacation: for they sleep between term and term, and then they perceive not how time moves.

Orla.

Where dwell you, pretty youth?

Ros.

With this shepherdess, my sister; here in the skirts of the forest, like fringe upon a petticoat.

Orla.

Are you a native of this place?

Ros.

As the coney, that you see dwell where she is kindled.9Q0369

Orla.

Your accent is something finer than you could purchase in so removed a dwelling.

Ros.

I have been told so of many: but, indeed, an old religious uncle of mine taught me to speak, who was in his youth an 4 notein-land man; one that knew courtship too well, for there he fell in love. I have heard him read many lectures against it; and I thank God, I am not a woman, to be touch'd with so many giddy offences as he hath generally tax'd their whole sex withal.

Orla.

Can you remember any of the principal evils, that he laid to the charge of women?

Ros.

There were none principal; they were all like one another, as half-pence are: every one fault seeming monstrous, 'till his fellow fault came to match it.

Orla.

I pr'ythee, recount some of them.

Ros.

No; I will not cast away my physick, but on those that are sick. There is a man haunts the forest, that abuses our young plants with carving Rosalind on their barks; hangs odes upon hawthorns, and elegies on brambles; all, forsooth, deifying the name of Rosalind: if I could meet that fancy-monger, I would give him some good counsel, for he seems to have the quotidian of love upon him.

Orla.

I am he that is so love-shak'd; I pray you, tell me your remedy.

-- 332 --

Ros.

There is none of my uncle's marks upon you: he taught me how to know a man in love; in which cage of rushes, I am sure, you are not prisoner.

Orla.

What were his marks?

Ros.

A lean cheek; which you have not: a blue eye, and sunken5 note; which you have not: an unquestionable spirit6 note

; which you have not: a beard neglected; which you have not:—but I pardon you for that; for, simply, your having in beard is a younger brother's revenue: —Then your hose should be ungarter'd7 note



, your
bonnet unbanded, your sleeve unbuttoned, your shoe untied, and every thing about you demonstrating a careless desolation. But you are no such man; you are rather point-device8 note
in your accoutrements; as
loving yourself, than seeming the lover of any other.

-- 333 --

Orla.

Fair youth, I would I could make thee believe I love.

Ros.

Me believe it? you may as soon make her that you love believe it; which, I warrant, she is apter to do, than to confess she does; that is one of the points in the which women still give the lye to their consciences. But, in good sooth, are you he that hangs the verses on the trees, wherein Rosalind is so admired?

Orla.

I swear to thee, youth, by the white hand of Rosalind, I am that he, that unfortunate he.

Ros.

But are you so much in love, as your rhimes speak?

Orla.

Neither rhime nor reason can express how much.

Ros.

Love is merely a madness; and, I tell you, deserves as well a dark house and a whip, as madmen do: and the reason why they are not so punish'd and cured, is, that the lunacy is so ordinary, that the whippers are in love too: Yet I profess curing it by counsel.

Orla.

Did you ever cure any so?

Ros.

Yes, one; and in this manner. He was to imagine me his love, his mistress; and I set him every day to woo me: At which time would I, being but a moonish youth, grieve, be effeminate, changeable, longing, and liking; proud, fantastical, apish, shallow, inconstant, full of tears, full of smiles; for every passion something, and for no passion truly any thing, as boys and women are for the most part cattle of this colour: would now like him, now loath him; then entertain him, then forswear him; now weep for him, then spit at him; that I drave my suitor from his mad humour of love, to a living humour of madness9 note; which was, to forswear the full stream of the

-- 334 --

world, and to live in a nook merely monastick: And thus I cur'd him; and this way will I take upon me to wash your liver as clear as a sound sheep's heart, that there shall not be one spot of love in't.

Orla.

I would not be cur'd, youth.

Ros.

I would cure you, if you would but call me Rosalind, and come every day to my cote, and woo me.

Orla.

Now, by the faith of my love, I will; tell me where it is.

Ros.

Go with me to it, and I will shew it you: and, by the way, you shall tell me where in the forest you live: Will you go?

Orla.

With all my heart, good youth.

Ros.

Nay, nay, you must call me Rosalind:—Come, sister, will you go?

[Exeunt. SCENE III. Enter Clown and Audrey, Jaques watching them.

Clo.

Come apace, good Audrey; I will fetch up your goats, Audrey: And how, Audrey? am I the man yet? doth my simple feature content you2 note

?

-- 335 --

Aud.

Your features! Lord warrant us! what features?

Clo.

I am here with thee and thy goats, as the most capricious poet, honest Ovid, was among the Goths.

Jaq. [aside]

O knowledge ill-inhabited! worse than Jove in a thatch'd house!

Clo.

When a man's verses cannot be understood, nor a man's good wit seconded with the forward child, understanding, it strikes a man more dead than a great reckoning in a little room3 note: Truly, I would the gods had made thee poetical.

Aud.

I do not know what poetical is: Is it honest in deed, and word? Is it a true thing?

Clo.

No, truly; for the truest poetry is the most feigning; and lovers are given to poetry; and what

-- 336 --

they swear in poetry4 note, may be said, as lovers, they do feign.

Aud.

Do you wish then, that the gods had made me poetical?

Clo.

I do truly: for thou swear'st to me, thou art honest; now if thou wert a poet, I might have some hope thou didst feign.

Aud.

Would you not have me honest?

Clo.

No truly, unless thou wert hard-favour'd: for honesty coupled to beauty, is to have honey a sauce to sugar.

Jaq. [aside.]

A material fool5 note!

Aud.

Well, I am not fair; and therefore I pray the gods make me honest!

Clo.

Truly, and to cast away honesty upon a foul slut, were to put good meat into an unclean dish.

Aud.

I am not a slut, though I thank the gods I am foul6 note

.

Cla.

Well, praised be the gods for thy foulness! sluttishness may come hereafter. But be it as it may be, I will marry thee: and to that end, I have been with Sir Oliver Mar-text, the vicar of the next village; who hath promis'd to meet me in this place of the forest, and to couple us.

Jaq. [aside]

I would fain see this meeting.

Aud.

Well, the gods give us joy!

Clo.

Amen. A man may, if he were of a fearful

-- 337 --

heart, stagger in this attempt; for here we have no temple but the wood, no assembly but horn-beasts. But what though7 note? Courage! As horns are odious, they are necessary. It is said,—Many a man knows no end of his goods: right; many a man has good horns, and knows no end of them. Well, that is the dowry of his wife; 'tis none of his own getting. Horns? Even so:—Poor men alone?—No, no; the noblest deer hath them as huge as the rascal. Is the single man therefore blessed? No: as a wall'd town is more worthier than a village, so is the forehead of a married man more honourable than the bare brow of a batchelor: and by how much defence is better than no skill, so much is a horn more precious than to want. Enter Sir Oliver Mar-text. Here comes sir Oliver:—Sir Oliver Mar-text8 note

, you are well met: Will you dispatch us here under this tree, or shall we go with you to your chapel?

Sir Oli.

Is there none here to give the woman?

Clo.

I will not take her on gift of any man.

Sir Oli.

Truly, she must be given, or the marriage is not lawful.

Jaq. [discovering himself]

Proceed, proceed; I'll give her.

-- 338 --

Clo.

Good even, good master What ye call't: How do you, sir? You are very well met: God'ild you9 note for your last company: I am very glad to see you:— Even a toy in hand here, sir: Nay; pray, be covered.

Jaq.

Will you be married, motley?

Clo.

As the ox hath his bow1 note, sir, the horse his curb, and the faulcon her bells, so man hath his desires; and as pigeons bill, so wedlock would be nibling.

Jaq.

And will you, being a man of your breeding, be married under a bush, like a beggar? Get you to church, and have a good priest that can tell you what marriage is: this fellow will but join you together as they join wainscot; then one of you will prove a shrunk pannel, and, like green timber, warp, warp.

Clo.

I am not in the mind but I were better to be married of him than of another: for he is not like to marry me well; and not being well married, it will be a good excuse for me hereafter to leave my wife.

Jaq.
Go thou with me, and let me counsel thee.

Clo.
Come, sweet Audrey;
We must be married, or we must live in bawdry.
Farewell, good master Oliver!



  Not—2 note





note See B. Jonson's Underwood, vol. VI. p. 407:


“All the mad Rolands and sweet Olivers.”

And, in Every Man in his Humour, p. 88, is the same allusion:


“Do not stink, sweet Oliver. Tyrwhitt.

This observation may be supported by the following passage in Decker's Honest Whore, 1635:


“&lblank; This sweet Oliver will eat mutton till he be ready to burst.”

Again, in Nash's Lenten-Stuff, &c. 1599:


“&lblank; if you be boni socii, and sweet Olivers, &c.”

In the books of the Stationers' Company, Aug. 6, 1584, was entered by Richard Jones the ballad of,


“O sweete Olyver
“Leave me not behinde thee.”

Again, “The answere of O sweete Olyver.”

Again, in 1586: “O sweet Oliver altered to the Scriptures.” Steevens.

I often find a part of this song applied to Cromwell. In a paper called, A Man in the Moon, discovering a World of Knavery under the Sun, “the juncto will go near to give us the bagge, if O brave Oliver come not suddenly to relieve them.” The same allusion is met with in Cleaveland. Wind away, and wind off are still used provincially: and I believe, nothing but the provincial pronunciation is wanting to join the parts together. I read:


“Not—O sweet Oliver!
  “O brave Oliver!
“Leave me not behi' thee &lblank;
  “But—wind away,
  “Begone, I say,
“I will not to wedding wi' thee.” Farmer.

Wind is used for wend in Cæsar and Pompey, 1607:


Winde we then, Anthony, with this royal queen.” Steevens.O sweet Oliver,
  O brave Oliver,
Leave me not behind thee;

-- 339 --


  But—Wind away,
  Begone, I say,
I will not to wedding with thee.

-- 340 --

Sir Oli.

'Tis no matter; ne'er a fantastical knave of them all shall flout me out of my calling.

[Exeunt. SCENE IV. A cottage in the forest. Enter Rosalind and Celia.

Ros.

Never talk to me, I will weep.

Cel.

Do, I pr'ythee; but yet have the grace to consider, that tears do not become a man.

Ros.

But have I not cause to weep?

Cel.

As good cause as one would desire; therefore weep.

Ros.

His very hair is of the dissembling colour.

Cel.

Something browner than Judas's2 note
: marry, his
kisses are Judas's own children.

-- 341 --

Ros.

I'faith, his hair is of a good colour3 note.

Cel.

An excellent colour: your chesnut was ever the only colour.

Ros.

And his kissing is as full of sanctity as the touch of holy beard4 note.

Cel.

He hath bought a pair of cast lips of Diana: a nun of winter's sisterhood5 note





kisses not more religiously; the very ice of chastity is in them.

-- 342 --

Ros.

But why did he swear he would come this morning, and comes not?

Cel.

Nay certainly, there is no truth in him.

Ros.

Do you think so?

Cel.

Yes: I think he is not a pick-purse, nor a horse-stealer; but for his verity in love, I do think him as concave as a cover'd goblet6 note, or a worm-eaten nut.

Ros.

Not true in love?

Cel.

Yes, when he is in; but, I think, he is not in.

Ros.

You have heard him swear downright, he was.

Cel.

Was, is not is: besides, the oath of a lover is no stronger than the word of a tapster; they are both the confirmers of false reckonings: He attends here in the forest on the duke your father.

Ros.

I met the duke yesterday, and had much question7 note with him: He asked me, of what parentage I was; I told him, of as good as he: so he laugh'd, and let me go. But what talk we of fathers, when there is such a man as Orlando?

Cel.

O, that's a brave man! he writes brave verses, speaks brave words, swears brave oaths, and breaks them bravely, quite traverse, athwart8 note







the heart of

-- 343 --

his lover; as a puny tilter, that spurs his horse but on one side, breaks his staff like a noble goose: but all's brave, that youth mounts, and folly guides:—Who comes here?

Enter Corin.

Cor.
Mistress, and master, you have oft enquired
After the shepherd that complain'd of love;
Whom you saw sitting by me on the turf,

-- 344 --


Praising the proud disdainful shepherdess
That was his mistress.

Cel.
Well, and what of him?

Cor.
If you will see a pageant truly play'd,
Between the pale complexion of true love
And the red glow of scorn and proud disdain,
Go hence a little, and I shall conduct you,
If you will mark it.

Ros.
O, come, let us remove;
The sight of lovers feedeth those in love:—
Bring us but to this sight, and you shall say
I'll prove a busy actor in their play.
[Exeunt. SCENE V. Another part of the forest. Enter Silvius, and Phebe.

Sil.
Sweet Phebe, do not scorn me; do not, Phebe:
Say, that you love me not; but say not so
In bitterness: The common executioner,
Whose heart the accustom'd sight of death makes hard,
Falls not the axe upon the humbled neck,
But first begs pardon; Will you sterner be9 note


















Than he that dies and lives by bloody drops?

-- 345 --

Enter Rosalind, Celia, and Corin.

Phe.
I would not be thy executioner;
I fly thee, for I would not injure thee.

-- 346 --


Thou tell'st me, there is murder in mine eye;
'Tis pretty, sure, and very probable,
That eyes,—that are the frail'st and softest things,
Who shut their coward gates on atomies,—
Should be call'd tyrants, butchers, murderers!
Now do I frown on thee with all my heart;
And, if mine eyes can wound, now let them kill thee;
Now counterfeit to swoon; why now fall down;
Or, if thou can'st not, oh, for shame, for shame,
Lye not, to say mine eyes are murderers.
Now shew the wound mine eyes have made in thee:
Scratch thee but with a pin, and there remains
Some scar of it; lean but upon a rush,
The cicatrice and capable impressure1 note
Thy palm some moment keeps: but now mine eyes,
Which I have darted at thee, hurt thee not;
Nor, I am sure, there is no force in eyes
That can do hurt.

Sil.
O dear Phebe,
If ever (as that ever may be near)
You meet in some fresh cheek the power of fancy2 note,
Then shall you know the wounds invisible
That love's keen arrows make.

Phe.
But, 'till that time,
Come not thou near me: and, when that time comes,
Afflict me with thy mocks, pity me not;
As, 'till that time, I shall not pity thee.

Ros.
And why, I pray you?—Who might be your mother3 note,

-- 347 --


That you insult, exult, and all at once4 note


,
Over the wretched? What though you have beauty5 note



,
(As, by my faith, I see no more in you
Than without candle may go dark to bed)
Must you be therefore proud and pitiless?
Why, what means this? Why do you look on me?
I see no more in you, than in the ordinary
Of nature's sale-work6 note:—Od's, my little life!
I think, she means to tangle mine eyes too:—
No, 'faith proud mistress, hope not after it;

-- 348 --


'Tis not your inky brows, your black-silk hair,
Your bugle eye-balls, nor your cheek of cream,
That can entame my spirits to your worship7 note


.—
You foolish shepherd, wherefore do you follow her
Like foggy south, puffing with wind and rain?
You are a thousand times a properer man,
Than she a woman: 'Tis such fools as you,
That make the world full of ill-favour'd children:
'Tis not her glass, but you, that flatters her;
And out of you she sees herself more proper,
Than any of her lineaments can show her.—
But, mistress, know yourself; down on your knees,
And thank heaven, fasting, for a good man's love:
For I must tell you friendly in your ear,—
Sell when you can; you are not for all markets:
Cry the man mercy; love him; take his offer;
Foul is most foul, being foul to be a scoffer8 note


.
So, take her to thee, shepherd;—fare you well.

Phe.
Sweet youth, I pray you chide a year together;
I had rather hear you chide, than this man woo.

Ros. [aside.]

He's fallen in love with her foulness9 note, and she'll fall in love with my anger:—If it be so, as fast as she answers thee with frowning looks, I'll

-- 349 --

sauce her with bitter words.—Why look you so upon me?

Phe.
For no ill will I bear you.

Ros.
I pray you, do not fall in love with me,
For I am falser than vows made in wine:
Besides, I like you not: If you will know my house,
'Tis at the tuft of olives, here hard by:—
Will you go, sister?—Shepherd, ply her hard:—
Come, sister:—Shepherdess, look on him better,
And be not proud: though all the world could see1 note
,
None could be so abus'd in sight as he.
Come, to our flock.
[Exeunt Ros. Cel. and Corin.

Phe.
Dead shepherd, now I find thy saw of might;
Who ever lov'd, that lov'd not at first sight? 9Q0371

Sil.
Sweet Phebe!

Phe.
Hah! what say'st thou, Silvius?

Sil.
Sweet Phebe, pity me.

Phe.
Why, I am sorry for thee, gentle Silvius.

Sil.
Wherever sorrow is, relief would be:
If you do sorrow at my grief in love,
By giving love, your sorrow and my grief
Were both extermin'd.

Phe.
Thou hast my love; Is not that neighbourly?

Sil.
I would have you.

Phe.
Why, that were covetousness.
Silvius, the time was, that I hated thee;
And yet it is not, that I bear thee love:
But since that thou canst talk of love so well,
Thy company, which erst was irksome to me,
I will endure; and I'll employ thee too:
But do not look for further recompence,
Than thine own gladness that thou art employ'd.

Sil.
So holy, and so perfect is my love,
And I in such a poverty of grace,

-- 350 --


That I shall think it a most plenteous crop
To glean the broken ears after the man
That the main harvest reaps: loose now and then
A scatter'd smile, and that I'll live upon.

Phe.
Know'st thou the youth that spoke to me erewhile?

Sil.
Not very well, but I have met him oft;
And he hath bought the cottage, and the bounds,
That the old carlot once was master of.

Phe.
Think not I love him, though I ask for him;
'Tis but a peevish boy:—yet he talks well;—
But what care I for words? yet words do well,
When he that speaks them pleases those that hear.
It is a pretty youth;—Not very pretty:—
But, sure, he's proud; and yet his pride becomes him:
He'll make a proper man: The best thing in him
Is his complexion; and faster than his tongue
Did make offence, his eye did heal it up.
He is not very tall; yet for his years he's tall:
His leg is but so so; and yet 'tis well:
There was a pretty redness in his lip;
A little riper, and more lusty red
Than that mix'd in his cheek; 'twas just the difference
Betwixt the constant red, and mingled damask.
There be some women, Silvius, had they mark'd him
In parcels as I did, would have gone near
To fall in love with him: but, for my part,
I love him not, nor hate him not; and yet
I have more cause to hate him than to love him:
For what had he to do to chide at me?
He said, mine eyes were black, and my hair black,
And, now I am remembred, scorn'd at me:
I marvel, why I answer'd not again:
But that's all one; omittance is no quittance.
I'll write to him a very taunting letter,
And thou shalt bear it; Wilt thou, Silvius?

Sil.
Phebe, with all my heart.

Phe.
I'll write it straight;

-- 351 --


The matter's in my head, and in my heart:
I will be bitter with him, and passing short:
Go with me, Silvius. [Exeunt.
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Samuel Johnson [1778], The plays of William Shakspeare. In ten volumes. With the corrections and illustrations of various commentators; to which are added notes by Samuel Johnson and George Steevens. The second edition, Revised and Augmented (Printed for C. Bathurst [and] W. Strahan [etc.], London) [word count] [S10901].
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