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James Boswell [1821], The plays and poems of William Shakspeare, with the corrections and illustrations of various commentators: comprehending A Life of the Poet, and an enlarged history of the stage, by the late Edmond Malone. With a new glossarial index (J. Deighton and Sons, Cambridge) [word count] [S10201].
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ACT V. SCENE I. The Camp of the British Forces, near Dover. Enter, with Drums and Colours, Edmund, Regan, Officers, Soldiers, and Others.

Edm.
Know of the duke, if his last purpose hold;
Or, whether since he is advis'd by aught
To change the course: He's full of alteration8 note
,
And self-reproving:—bring his constant pleasure9 note


. [To an Officer, who goes out.

Reg.
Our sister's man is certainly miscarried.

Edm.
'Tis to be doubted, madam.

Reg.
Now, sweet lord,
You know the goodness I intend upon you:
Tell me,—but truly,—but then speak the truth,
Do you not love my sister?

Edm.
In honour'd love.

[Reg.
But have you never1 note found my brother's way
To the forefended place2 note
?

-- 251 --

Edm.
That thought abuses you3 note.

Reg.
I am doubtful that you have been conjunct
And bosom'd with her4 note






, as far as we call hers.

Edm.
No, by mine honour, madam.]

Reg.
I never shall endure her: Dear my lord,
Be not familiar with her.

Edm.
Fear me not:—
She, and the duke her husband,—
Enter Albany, Goneril, and Soldiers.

Gon.
I had rather lose the battle, than that sister
Should loosen him and me.
[Aside.

Alb.
Our very loving sister, well be met.—
Sir, this I hear,—The king is come to his daughter,
With others, whom the rigour of our state
Forc'd to cry out. [Where I could not5 note be honest,
I never yet was valiant6 note





: for this business,

-- 252 --


It toucheth us as France invades our land,
Not bolds the king7 note



; with others, whom, I fear,
Most just and heavy causes make oppose8 note

.

Edm.
Sir, you speak nobly9 note.]

Reg.
Why is this reason'd?

-- 253 --

Gon.
Combine together 'gainst the enemy:
For these domestick and particular broils1 note



Are not to question here2 note
.

Alb.
Let us then determine
With the ancient of war on our proceedings.

Edm.3 note
I shall attend you presently at your tent.

Reg.
Sister, you'll go with us?

Gon.
No.

Reg.
'Tis most convenient; pray you, go with us.

Gon.
O, ho, I know the riddle: [Aside.] I will go.
As they are going out, enter Edgar, disguised.

Edg.
If e'er your grace had speech with man so poor,
Hear me one word.

Alb.
I'll overtake you.—Speak.
[Exeunt Edmund, Regan, Goneril, Officers, Soldiers, and Attendants.

Edg.
Before you fight the battle, ope this letter.
If you have victory, let the trumpet sound
For him that brought it: wretched though I seem,
I can produce a champion, that will prove
What is avouched there: If you miscarry,
Your business of the world hath so an end,

-- 254 --


And machination ceases4 note

. Fortune love you* note!

Alb.
Stay till I have read the letter.

Edg.
I was forbid it.
When time shall serve, let but the herald cry,
And I'll appear again.
[Exit.

Alb.
Why, fare thee well; I will o'erlook thy paper.
Re-enter Edmund.

Edm.
The enemy's in view, draw up your powers.
Here is the guess5 note

of their true† note strength and forces
By diligent discovery;—but your haste
Is now urg'd on you.

Alb.
We will greet the time6 note.
[Exit.

Edm.
To both these sisters have I sworn my love;
Each jealous of the other, as the stung
Are of the adder. Which of them shall I take?

-- 255 --


Both? one? or neither? Neither can be enjoy'd,
If both remain alive: To take the widow,
Exasperates, makes mad her sister Goneril;
And hardly shall I carry out my side7 note

















,
Her husband being alive. Now then, we'll use

-- 256 --


His countenance for the battle; which being done,
Let her, who would be rid of him, devise
His speedy taking off. As for the mercy
Which he intends to Lear, and to Cordelia,—
The battle done, and they within our power,
Shall never see his pardon: for my state
Stands on me to defend, not to debate8 note
. [Exit. SCENE II. A Field between the two Camps. Alarum within. Enter, with Drum and Colours, Lear, Cordelia, and their Forces; and exeunt. Enter Edgar and Gloster9 note.

Edg.
Here, father, take the shadow of this tree* note
For your good host; pray that the right may thrive:
If ever I return to you again,
I'll bring you comfort.

Glo.
Grace go with you, sir!
[Exit Edgar.

-- 257 --

Alarums; afterwards a Retreat. Re-enter Edgar.

Edg.
Away, old man, give me thy hand, away;
King Lear hath lost, he and his daughter ta'en:
Give me thy hand, come on.

Glo.
No further, sir; a man may rot even here

Edg.
What, in ill thoughts again? Men must endure
Their going hence, even as their coming hither:
Ripeness is all1 note

: Come on.

Glo.
And that's true too2 note.
[Exeunt. SCENE III. The British Camp near Dover. Enter, in Conquest, with Drum and Colours, Edmund; Lear and Cordelia, as Prisoners; Officers, Soldiers, &c.

Edm.
Some officers take them away: good guard;
Until their greater pleasures first be known
That are to censure them3 note

.

Cor.
We are not the first,
Who, with best meaning, have incurr'd the worst4 note.
For thee, oppressed king, am I cast down;
Myself could else out-frown false fortune's frown.—

-- 258 --


Shall we not see these daughters, and these sisters?

Lear.
No, no, no, no! Come, let's away to prison:
We two alone will sing like birds i' the cage:
When thou dost ask me blessing, I'll kneel down,
And ask of thee forgiveness: So we'll live,
And pray, and sing, and tell old tales, and laugh
At gilded butterflies, and hear poor rogues
Talk of court news; and we'll talk with them too,—
Who loses, and who wins; who's in, who's out;—
And take upon us the mystery of things,
As if we were God's spies5 note
: And we'll wear out,
In a wall'd prison, packs and sects6 note of great ones,
That ebb and flow by the moon.

Edm.
Take them away.

Lear.
Upon such sacrifices, my Cordelia,
The gods themselves throw incense7 note
. Have I caught thee8 note

?
He, that parts us, shall bring a brand from heaven,
And fire us hence, like foxes9 note










. Wipe thine eyes;

-- 259 --


The goujeers shall devour them1 note



, flesh and fell2 note








,
Ere they shall make us weep: we'll see them starve first.
Come. [Exeunt Lear and Cordelia, guarded.

-- 260 --

Edm.
Come hither, captain; hark.
Take thou this note3 note




; [Giving a paper.] go, follow them to prison:
One step I have advanc'd thee; if thou dost
As this instructs thee, thou dost make thy way
To noble fortunes: Know thou this,—that men
Are as the time is: to be tender-minded
Does not become a sword:—Thy great employment
Will not bear question4 note


; either say, thou'lt do't,
Or thrive by other means.

-- 261 --

Off.
I'll do't, my lord.

Edm.
About it; and write happy, when thou hast done.
Mark,—I say, instantly; and carry it so,
As I have set it down.

Off.
I cannot draw a cart5 note, nor eat dried oats;
If it be man's work, I will do it. [Exit Officer.
Flourish. Enter Albany, Goneril, Regan, Officers, and Attendants.

Alb.
Sir, you have shown to-day your valiant strain,
And fortune led you well: You have the captives
Who were the opposites of this day's strife:
We do require them of you6 note; so to use them,
As we shall find their merits and our safety
May equally determine.

Edm.
Sir, I thought it fit
To send the old and miserable king
To some retention, and appointed guard7 note;
Whose age has charms in it, whose title more,

-- 262 --


To pluck the common bosom on his side,
And turn our impress'd lances in our eyes8 note




Which do command them. With him I sent the queen;
My reason all the same; and they are ready
To-morrow, or at further space, to appear
Where you shall hold your session. [At this time9 note,
We sweat, and bleed: the friend hath lost his friend;
And the best quarrels, in the heat, are curs'd
By those that feel their sharpness:—
The question of Cordelia, and her father,
Requires a fitter place1 note.]

Alb.
Sir, by your patience,
I hold you but a subject of this war,
Not as a brother.

Reg.
That's as we list to grace him.
Methinks, our pleasure might* note have been demanded,
Ere you had spoke so far. He led our powers;
Bore the commission of2 note my place and person;
The which immediacy3 note



may well stand up,
And call itself your brother.

-- 263 --

Gon.
Not so hot:
In his own grace4 note
he doth exalt himself,
More than in your advancement5 note.

Reg.
In my rights,
By me invested, he compeers the best.

Gon.
That were the most, if he should husband you6 note.

Reg.
Jesters do oft prove prophets.

Gon.
Holla, holla!
That eye, that told you so, look'd but a-squint7 note


.

Reg.
Lady, I am not well; else I should answer
From a full-flowing stomach.—General,
Take thou my soldiers, prisoners, patrimony;

-- 264 --


Dispose of them, of me; the walls are thine8 note


:
Witness the world, that I create thee here
My lord and master.

Gon.
Mean you to enjoy him?

Alb.
The let-alone lies not in your good will9 note

.

Edm.
Nor in thine, lord.

Alb.
Half-blooded fellow, yes.

Reg.
Let the drum strike, and prove my title thine1 note


. [To Edmund.

Alb.
Stay yet; hear reason:—Edmund, I arrest thee
On capital treason; and, in thy arrest2 note,
This gilded serpent: [Pointing to Gon.]—for your claim, fair sister,
I bar it in the interest of my wife;
'Tis she is sub-contracted to this lord,
And I, her husband, contradict your bans.
If you will marry, make your love to me,
My lady is bespoke.

-- 265 --

Gon.
An interlude3 note!

Alb.
Thou art arm'd, Gloster:—Let the trumpet sound4 note:
If none appear to prove upon thy person5 note,
Thy heinous, manifest, and many treasons,
There is my pledge; [Throwing down a Glove.] I'll prove it on thy heart,
Ere I taste bread, thou art in nothing less
Than I have here proclaim'd thee.

Reg.
Sick, O, sick!

Gon.
If not, I'll ne'er trust poison6 note.
[Aside.

Edm.
There's my exchange: [Throwing down a Glove.] what in the world he is
That names me traitor, villain-like he lies:
Call by thy trumpet: he that dares approach,
On him, on you, (who not?) I will maintain
My truth and honour firmly.

Alb.
A herald, ho!

Edm.
A herald, ho, a herald7 note!

Alb.
Trust to thy single virtue8 note; for thy soldiers,
All levied in my name, have in my name
Took their discharge.

Reg.
This sickness grows upon me.
Enter a Herald.

Alb.
She is not well; convey her to my tent. [Exit Regan, led.

-- 266 --


Come hither, herald,—Let the trumpet sound,—
And read out this.

Off.
Sound, trumpet9 note.
[A trumpet sounds.

Herald reads.

If any man of quality, or degree, within the lists of the army1 note, will maintain upon Edmund, supposed earl of Gloster, that he is a manifold traitor, let him appear at the third sound of the trumpet: He is bold in his defence.

Edm.
Sound2 note.
[1 Trumpet.

Her.
Again.
[2 Trumpet.

Her.
Again.
[3 Trumpet. [Trumpet answers within. Enter Edgar, armed, preceded by a Trumpet.

Alb.
Ask him his purposes, why he appears
Upon this call o' the trumpet3 note.

Her.
What are you?
Your name, your quality? and why you answer
This present summons?

Edg.
Know, my name is lost;
By treason's tooth bare-gnawn, and canker-bit:
Yet am I noble4 note



, as the adversary
I come to cope withal.

-- 267 --

Alb.
Which is that adversary?

Edg.
What's he, that speaks for Edmund earl of Gloster?

Edm.
Himself,—What say'st thou to him?

Edg.
Draw thy sword;
That, if my speech offend a noble heart,
Thy arm may do thee justice: here is mine5 note

.
Behold, it is the privilege of mine honours,
My oath, and my profession6 note




: I protest,—
Maugre7 note
thy strength, youth, place, and eminence,
Despite thy victor sword, and fire-new fortune,

-- 268 --


Thy valour, and thy heart,—thou art a traitor:
False to thy gods, thy brother, and thy father;
Conspirant 'gainst7 note
this high illustrious prince;
And, from the extremest upward of thy head,
To the descent and dust beneath thy feet8 note,
A most toad-spotted traitor. Say thou, No,
This sword, this arm, and my best spirits, are bent
To prove upon thy heart, whereto I speak,
Thou liest.

Edm.
In wisdom, I should ask thy name9 note

;
But, since thy outside looks so fair and warlike,
And that thy tongue some 'say of breeding breathes* note 1 note







,

-- 269 --


What safe and nicely I might well delay2 note
By rule* note of knighthood, I disdain and spurn:
Back do I toss these treasons to thy head;
With the hell-hated lie o'erwhelm thy heart;
Which, (for they yet glance by, and scarcely bruise,)
This sword of mine shall give them instant way,
Where they shall rest for ever3 note.—Trumpets, speak. [Alarums. They fight. Edmund falls.

Alb.
O save him, save him!

Gon.
This is mere practice, Gloster4 note

:
By the law of arms5 note, thou wast not bound to answer6 note



An unknown opposite; thou art not vanquish'd,
But cozen'd and beguil'd.

-- 270 --

Alb.
Shut your mouth, dame,
Or with this paper shall I stop it:—Hold, sir:—
Thou worse than any name, read thine own evil:—
No tearing, lady; I perceive, you know it.
[Gives the Letter to Edmund.

Gon.
Say, if I do; the laws are mine, not thine:
Who shall arraign me for't?

Alb.
Most monstrous7 note

!
Know'st thou this paper?

Gon.
Ask me not what I know.
[Exit Goneril.

Alb.
Go after her: she's desperate; govern her.
[To an Officer, who goes out.

Edm.
What you have charg'd me with, that have I done;
And more, much more: the time will bring it out;
'Tis past, and so am I: But what art thou,
That hast this fortune on me? If thou art noble,
I do forgive thee.

Edg.
Let's exchange charity8 note
.
I am no less in blood than thou art, Edmund;
If more the more thou hast wrong'd me.
My name is Edgar, and thy father's son.
The gods are just, and of our pleasant vices
Make instruments to scourge us9 note
:

-- 271 --


The dark and vicious place where thee he got,
Cost him his eyes.

Edm.
Thou hast spoken right, 'tis true;
The wheel is come full circle1 note; I am here.

Alb.
Methought, thy very gait did prophecy
A royal nobleness:—I must embrace thee;
Let sorrow split my heart, if ever I
Did hate thee, or thy father!

Edg.
Worthy prince, I know't2 note.

Alb.
Where have you hid yourself?
How have you known the miseries of your father?

Edg.
By nursing them, my lord.—List a brief tale;—
And, when 'tis told, O, that my heart would burst!—
The bloody proclamation to escape,
That follow'd me so near, (O our lives' sweetness!
That with the pain of death we'd hourly die3 note


,
Rather than die at once!) taught me to shift4 note

Into a mad-man's rags; to assume a semblance
That very dogs disdain'd: and in this habit

-- 272 --


Met I my father with his bleeding rings,
Their precious stones new lost5 note


; became his guide,
Led him, begg'd for him, sav'd him from despair;
Never (O fault!) reveal'd myself unto him,
Until some half hour past, when I was arm'd,
Not sure, though hoping, of this good success,
I ask'd his blessing, and from first to last
Told him my pilgrimage: But his flaw'd heart,
(Alack, too weak the conflict to support!)
'Twixt two extremes of passion, joy and grief,
Burst smilingly.

Edm.
This speech of yours hath mov'd me,
And shall, perchance, do good: but speak you on;
You look as you had something more to say.

Alb.
If there be more, more woful, hold it in;
For I am almost ready to dissolve,
Hearing of this.

[Edg.6 note
This would have seem'd a period
To such as love not sorrow; but another,
To amplify too-much, would make much more,
And top extremity7 note




















.

-- 273 --


Whilst I was big in clamour, came there a man,
Who having seen me in my worst estate,

-- 274 --


Shunn'd my abhorr'd society; but then, finding
Who 'twas that so endur'd, with his strong arms
He fasten'd on my neck, and bellow'd out
As he'd burst heaven; threw me on my father8 note

:
Told the most piteous tale of Lear and him,
That ever ear receiv'd: which in recounting
His grief grew puissant, and the strings of life
Began to crack: Twice then the trumpet sounded9 note,
And there I left him tranc'd.

Alb.
But who was this?

Edg.
Kent, sir, the banish'd Kent; who in disguise
Follow'd his enemy king, and did him service
Improper for a slave.]
Enter a Gentleman hastily, with a bloody Knife.

Gent.
Help! help! O help!

Edg.
What kind of help?

Alb.
Speak, man.

-- 275 --

Edg.
What means that bloody knife?

Gent.
'Tis hot, it smokes;
It came even from the heart of1 note

Alb.
Who, man? speak2 note.

Gent.
Your lady, sir, your lady: and her sister
By her is poison'd; she hath confess'd it3 note

.

Edm.
I was contracted to them both; all three
Now marry in an instant4 note


.

Alb.
Produce their bodies, be they alive or dead!—
This judgment5 note

of the heavens, that makes us tremble,
Touches us not with pity. [Exit Gentleman. Enter Kent.

Edg.
Here comes Kent, sir6 note.

-- 276 --

Alb.
O! it is he7 note.
The time will not allow the compliment,
Which very manners urges.

Kent.
I am come
To bid my king and master aye good night;
Is he not here?

Alb.
Great thing of us forgot!—
Speak, Edmund, where's the king? and where's Cordelia?—
See'st thou this object, Kent?
[The Bodies of Goneril and Regan are brought in.

Kent.
Alack, why thus?

Edm.
Yet Edmund was belov'd8 note





:
The one the other poison'd for my sake,
And after slew herself.

Alb.
Even so.—Cover their faces.

Edm.
I pant for life:—Some good I mean to do,
Despite of mine own nature. Quickly send,—
Be brief in it,—to the castle; for my writ
Is on the life of Lear, and on Cordelia:—
Nay, send in time.

Alb.
Run, run, O, run—

Edg.
To who, my lord?—Who has the office? send
Thy token of reprieve.

-- 277 --

Edm.
Well thought on; take my sword,
Give it the captain9 note

.

Alb.
Haste thee, for thy life1 note.
[Exit Edgar.

Edm.
He hath commission from thy wife and me
To hang Cordelia in the prison, and
To lay the blame upon her own despair,
That she fordid herself* note 2 note

.

Alb.
The gods defend her! Bear him hence awhile.
[Edmund is borne off. Enter Lear, with Cordelia dead in his Arms3 note

; Edgar, Officer, and Others.

Lear.
Howl, howl, howl, howl!—O, you are men of stones;

-- 278 --


Had I your tongues and eyes, I'd use them so
That heaven's vault should crack:—O, she is gone for ever!—
I know when one is dead, and when one lives;
She's dead as earth:—Lend me a looking-glass;
If that her breath will mist or stain the stone,
Why, then she lives.

Kent.
Is this the promis'd end?

Edg.
Or image of that horror4 note













?

-- 279 --

Alb.
Fall, and cease5 note













!

Lear.
This feather stirs6 note





; she lives! if it be so,

-- 280 --


It is a chance that does redeem all sorrows
That ever I have felt.

Kent.
O my good master!
[Kneeling.

Lear.
Pr'ythee, away.

Edg.
'Tis noble Kent, your friend.

Lear.
A plague upon you, murderers, traitors all7 note!

-- 281 --


I might have sav'd her; now she's gone for ever!—
Cordelia, Cordelia, stay a little. Ha!
What is't thou say'st?—Her voice was ever soft,
Gentle, and low; an excellent thing in woman:—
I kill'd the slave that was a hanging thee.

Off.
'Tis true, my lords, he did.

Lear.
Did I not, fellow?
I have seen the day, with my good biting faulchion
I would have made them skip8 note



: I am old now,
And these same crosses spoil me.—Who are you?
Mine eyes are none o' the best:—I'll tell you straight.

Kent.
If fortune brag of two she lov'd and hated,
One of them we behold9 note

.

-- 282 --

Lear.
This is a dull sight1 note


: Are you not Kent?

Kent.
The same;
Your servant Kent: Where is your servant Caius?

Lear.
He's a good fellow, I can tell you that;
He'll strike, and quickly too:—He's dead and rotten.

Kent.
No, my good lord; I am the very man;—

Lear.
I'll see that straight.

Kent.
That, from your first of difference and decay2 note


,
Have follow'd your sad steps.

Lear.
You are welcome hither.

Kent.
Nor no man else3 note; all's cheerless, dark, and deadly.—
Your eldest daughters have fore-doom'd themselves4 note


,
And desperately are dead.

Lear.
Ay, so I think.

-- 283 --

Alb.
He knows not what he says5 note; and vain it is
That we present us to him.

Edg.
Very bootless.
Enter an Officer.

Off.
Edmund is dead, my lord.

Alb.
That's but a trifle here.—
You lords, and noble friends, know our intent.
What comfort to this great decay may come6 note




,
Shall be applied: For us, we will resign,
During the life of this old majesty,
To him our absolute power:—You, to your rights; [To Edgar and Kent.
With boot, and such addition as your honours
Have more than merited7 note

.—All friends shall taste
The wages of their virtue, and all foes
The cup of their deservings.—O, see, see!

Lear.
And my poor fool is hang'd8 note

















! No, no, no life:

-- 284 --


Why should a dog, a horse, a rat, have life,
And thou no breath at all? O, thou wilt come no more,

-- 285 --


Never, never, never, never, never!—
Pray you, undo this button9 note










: Thank you, sir.—

-- 286 --


Do you see this1 note? Look on her,—look,—her lips,—
Look there, look there!— [He dies.

-- 287 --

Edg.
He faints!—My lord, my lord,—

Kent.
Break, heart; I pr'ythee, break2 note!

Edg.
Look up, my lord.

Kent.
Vex not his ghost: O, let him pass3 note! he hates him,
That would upon the rack of this tough world4 note
Stretch him out longer.

-- 288 --

Edg.
O, he is gone, indeed.

Kent.
The wonder is, he hath endur'd so long:
He but usurp'd his life.

Alb.
Bear them from hence.—Our present business
Is general woe. Friends of my soul, you twain [To Kent and Edgar.
Rule in this realm, and the gor'd state5 note
sustain.

Kent.
I have a journey, sir, shortly to go;
My master calls, and I must not say, no6 note



.

Alb.
The weight of this sad time we must obey7 note;
Speak what we feel, not what we ought to say.

-- 289 --


The oldest hath borne most: we, that are young,
Shall never see so much, nor live so long. [Exeunt, with a dead March8. note

-- 290 --


-- 291 --

-- 292 --

-- 293 --

-- 294 --

-- 295 --

-- 296 --

-- 297 --

[A LAMENTABLE SONG OF THE DEATH OF KING LEIR AND HIS THREE DAUGHTERS.]

A LAMENTABLE SONG OF THE DEATH OF KING LEIR AND HIS THREE DAUGHTERS. [secondary verse]
King Leir* note once ruled in this land,
  With princely power and peace;
And had all things with heart's content,
  That might his joys increase.
Amongst those things that nature gave,
  Three daughters fair had he,
So princely seeming beautiful,
  As fairer could not be.

So on a time it pleas'd the king
  A question thus to move,
Which of his daughters to his grace
  Could show the dearest love:
For to my age you bring content,
  Quoth he, then let me hear
Which of you three in plighted troth
  The kindest will appear.

To whom the eldest thus began;
  Dear father, mind, quoth she,
Before your face, to do you good,
  My blood shall render'd be:
And for your sake my bleeding heart
  Shall here be cut in twain,
Ere that I see your reverend age
  The smallest grief sustain.

And so will I, the second said;
  Dear father, for your sake,
The worst of all extremities
  I'll gently undertake:

-- 298 --


And serve your highness night and day
  With diligence and love;
That sweet content and quietness
  Discomforts may remove.
In doing so, you glad my soul,
  The aged king reply'd;
But what say'st thou, my youngest girl,
  How is thy love ally'd?
My love (quoth young Cordelia then)
  Which to your grace I owe,
Shall be the duty of a child,
  And that is all I'll show.

And wilt thou show no more, quoth he,
  Than doth thy duty bind?
I well perceive thy love is small,
  When as no more I find:
Henceforth I banish thee my court,
  Thou art no child of mine;
Nor any part of this my realm
  By favour shall be thine.

Thy elder sisters' loves are more
  Than well I can demand,
To whom I equally bestow
  My kingdome and my land,
My pompal state, and all my goods,
  That lovingly I may
With those thy sisters be maintain'd
  Until my dying day.

Thus flattering speeches won renown
  By these two sisters here:
The third had causeless banishment,
  Yet was her love more dear:
For poor Cordelia patiently
  Went wand'ring up and down,
Unhelp'd, unpity'd, gentle maid,
  Through many an English town:

Until at last in famous France
  She gentler fortunes found;
Though poor and bare, yet she was deem'd
  The fairest on the ground:
Where when the king her virtues heard,
  And this fair lady seen,
With full consent of all his court
  He made his wife and queen.

-- 299 --


Her father, [old] king Leir, this while
  With his two daughters staid;
Forgetful of their promis'd loves,
  Full soon the same decay'd;
And living in queen Ragan's court,
  The eldest of the twain,
She took from him his chiefest means,
  And most of all his train.

For whereas twenty men were wont
  To wait with bended knee:
She gave allowance but to ten,
  And after scarce to three:
Nay, one she thought too much for him;
  So took she all away,
In hope that in her court, good king,
  He would no longer stay.

Am I rewarded thus, quoth he,
  In giving all I have
Unto my children, and to beg
  For what I lately gave?
I'll go unto my Gonorell;
  My second child, I know,
Will be more kind and pitiful,
  And will relieve my woe.

Full fast he hies then to her court;
  Where when she hears his moan
Return'd him answer, That she griev'd
  That all his means were gone:
But no way could relieve his wants;
  Yet if that he would stay
Within her kitchen, he should have
  What scullions gave away.

When he had heard with bitter tears,
  He made his answer then;
In what I did let me be made
  Example to all men.
I will return again, quoth he,
  Unto my Ragan's court;
She will not use me thus, I hope,
  But in a kinder sort.

Where when he came, she gave command
  To drive him thence away:
When he was well within her court,
  (She said) he would not stay.

-- 300 --


Then back again to Gonorell
  The woeful king did hie,
That in her kitchen he might have
  What scullion boys set by.
But there of that he was deny'd,
  Which she had promis'd late;
For once refusing, he should not
  Come after to her gate.
Thus 'twixt his daughters, for relief
  He wander'd up and down;
Being glad to feed on beggar's food,
  That lately wore a crown.

And calling to remembrance then
  His youngest daughter's words,
That said, the duty of a child
  Was all that love affords:
But doubting to repair to her,
  Whom he had banish'd so,
Grew frantick mad; for in his mind
  He bore the wounds of woe:

Which made him rend his milk-white locks,
  And tresses from his head,
And all with blood bestain his cheeks,
  With age and honour spread:
To hills and woods, and watry founts,
  He made his hourly moan,
Till hills and woods, and senseless things,
  Did seem to sigh and groan.

Even thus possest with discontents,
  He passed o'er to France,
In hopes from fair Cordelia there
  To find some gentler chance:
Most virtuous dame! which when she heard
  Of this her father's grief,
As duty bound, she quickly sent
  Him comfort and relief:

And by a train of noble peers,
  In brave and gallant sort,
She gave in charge he should be brought,
  To Aganippus' court;
Whose royal king, with noble mind,
  So freely gave consent,
To muster up his knights at arms,
  To fame and courage bent.

-- 301 --


And so to England came with speed,
  To repossess king Leir,
And drive his daughters from their thrones
  By his Cordelia dear:
Where she, true-hearted noble queen,
  Was in the battle slain:
Yet he, good king, in his old days,
  Possest his crown again.

But when he heard Cordelia's death,
  Who died indeed for love
Of her dear father, in whose cause
  She did this battle move;
He swooning fell upon her breast,
  From whence he never parted:
But on her bosom left his life,
  That was so truely hearted.

The lords and nobles when they saw
  The end of these events,
The other sisters unto death
  They doomed by consents;
And being dead, their crowns they left
  Unto the next of kin:
Thus have you seen the fall of pride,
  And disobedient sin.
Johnson.* note

-- 303 --

Previous section


James Boswell [1821], The plays and poems of William Shakspeare, with the corrections and illustrations of various commentators: comprehending A Life of the Poet, and an enlarged history of the stage, by the late Edmond Malone. With a new glossarial index (J. Deighton and Sons, Cambridge) [word count] [S10201].
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