1   In the plains of Moab across the Jordan from Jericho the Lord said to Moses,

2   “Tell the Israelites that from the property they receive they must give the Levites some cities to live in and pasture land around the cities.

3   These cities will belong to the Levites, and they will live there. The pasture land will be for their cattle and all their other animals.

4   The pasture land is to extend outward from the city walls five hundred yards in each direction,

5   so that there is a square area measuring one thousand yards on each side, with the city in the middle.

6   You are to give the Levites six cities of refuge to which a man can escape if he kills someone accidentally. In addition, give them forty-two other cities

7   with their pasture land, making a total of forty-eight.

8   The number of Levite cities in each tribe is to be determined according to the size of its territory.” ^note The Cities of Refuge (Deuteronomy 19.1–13; Joshua 20.1–9)

9   The Lord told Moses

10   to say to the people of Israel: “When you cross the Jordan River and enter the land of Canaan,

11   you are to choose cities of refuge to which a man can escape if he kills someone accidentally.

12   There he will be safe from the dead man's relative who seeks revenge. A man accused of manslaughter is not to be put to death without a public trial.

13   Choose six cities,

14   three east of the Jordan and three in the land of Canaan.

15   These will serve as cities of refuge for Israelites and for foreigners who are temporary or permanent residents. Anyone who kills someone accidentally can escape to one of them.

16    17    18   “If, however, a man uses a weapon of iron or stone or wood to kill someone, he is guilty of murder and is to be put to death.

19   The dead man's nearest relative has the responsibility for putting the murderer to death. When he finds him, he is to kill him.

20   “If a man hates someone and kills him by pushing him down or by throwing something at him

21   or by striking him with his fist, he is guilty of murder and is to be put to death. The dead man's nearest relative has the responsibility for putting the murderer to death. When he finds him, he is to kill him.

22   “But suppose a man accidentally kills someone he does not hate, whether by pushing him down or by throwing something at him.

23   Or suppose that, without looking, a man throws a stone that kills someone whom he did not intend to hurt and who was not his enemy.

24   In such cases the community shall judge in favor of the man who caused the death and not in favor of

the dead man's relative who is seeking revenge.

25   The community is to rescue the man guilty of manslaughter from the dead man's relative, and they are to return him to the city of refuge to which he had escaped. He must live there until the death of the man who is then High Priest.

26   If the man guilty of manslaughter leaves the city of refuge to which he has escaped

27   and if the dead man's relative finds him and kills him, this act of revenge is not murder.

28   The man guilty of manslaughter must remain in the city of refuge until the death of the High Priest, but after that he may return home. ^note

29   These rules apply to you and your descendants wherever you may live.

30   “A man accused of murder may be found guilty and put to death only on the evidence of two or more witnesses; the evidence of one witness is not sufficient to support an accusation of murder. ^note

31   A murderer must be put to death. He cannot escape this penalty by the payment of money.

32   If a man has fled to a city of refuge, do not allow him to make a payment in order to return home before the death of the High Priest.

33   If you did this, you would defile the land where you are living. Murder defiles the land, and except by the death of the murderer there is no way to perform the ritual of purification for the land where a man has been murdered.

34   Do not defile the land where you are living, because I am the Lord and I live among the people of Israel.”

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