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James Boswell [1821], The plays and poems of William Shakspeare, with the corrections and illustrations of various commentators: comprehending A Life of the Poet, and an enlarged history of the stage, by the late Edmond Malone. With a new glossarial index (J. Deighton and Sons, Cambridge) [word count] [S10201].
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SCENE I. A Sea-port Town in Cyprus7 note

. A Platform.
Enter Montano and Two Gentlemen.

Mon.
What from the cape can you discern at sea?

1 Gent.
Nothing at all: it is a high-wrought flood;
I cannot, 'twixt the haven8 note

and the main,
Descry a sail.

-- 291 --

Mon.
Methinks, the wind hath spoke aloud at land;
A fuller blast ne'er shook our battlements:
If it hath ruffian'd so upon the sea9 note

,
What ribs of oak, when mountains melt on them1 note











,

-- 292 --


Can hold the mortise? what shall we hear of this?

2 Gent.
A segregation of the Turkish fleet:
For do but stand upon the foaming shore2 note
,
The chiding billow seems to pelt the clouds;
The wind-shak'd surge, with high and monstrous main,
Seems to cast water on the burning bear,
And quench the guards of the ever-fixed pole3 note

:

-- 293 --


I never did like molestation view,
On th' enchafed flood.

Mon.
If that the Turkish fleet
Be not inshelter'd and embay'd, they are drown'd;
It is impossible they bear it* note out.
Enter a third Gentleman.

3 Gent.
News, lords! our wars are done;
The desperate tempest hath so bang'd the Turks,
That their designment halts: A noble ship† note of Venice
Hath seen a grievous wreck and sufferance
On most part of their fleet.

Mon.
How! is this true?

3 Gent.
The ship is here put in,
A Veronesé; Michael Cassio4 note







,

-- 294 --


Lieutenant to the warlike Moor, Othello,
Is come on shore: the Moor himself's* note at sea,
And is in full commission here for Cyprus.

Mon.
I am glad on't; 'tis a worthy governor.

3 Gent.
But this same Cassio,—though he speak of comfort,

-- 295 --


Touching the Turkish loss,—yet he looks sadly,
And prays the Moor be safe; for they were parted
With foul and violent tempest.

Mon.
'Pray heaven he be;
For I have serv'd him, and the man commands
Like a full soldier5 note
. Let's to the sea-side, ho!
As well to see the vessel that's come in,
As throw out our eyes for brave Othello:
Even till we make the main6 note, and the aerial blue,
An indistinct regard.

3 Gent.
Come, let's do so;
For every minute is expectancy
Of more arrivance* note.
Enter Cassio.

Cas.
Thanks to the valiant of this warlike isle7 note,
That so approve the Moor; O, let the heavens
Give him defence against the elements,
For I have lost him on a dangerous sea!

Mon.
Is he well shipp'd?

Cas.
His bark is stoutly timber'd, and his pilot
Of very éxpert and approv'd allowance8 note


;
Therefore my hopes, not surfeited to death,
Stand in bold cure9 note














.

-- 296 --

[Within.]
A sail, a sail, a sail!
Enter Another Gentleman.

Cas.
What noise?

-- 297 --

4 Gent.
The town is empty; on the brow o'the sea
Stand ranks of people, and they cry—a sail.

Cas.
My hopes do shape him for the governour.

2 Gent.
They do discharge their shot of courtesy: [Guns heard.
Our friends, at least.

Cas.
I pray you, sir, go forth,
And give us truth who 'tis that is arriv'd.

2 Gent.
I shall.
[Exit.

Mon.
But, good lieutenant, is your general wiv'd?

Cas.
Most fortunately: he hath achiev'd a maid
That paragons description, and wild fame;
One that excels the quirks of blazoning pens1 note


,
And in the essential vesture of creation,
Does bear all excellency2 note





























.—How now? who has put in?

-- 298 --

Re-enter Second Gentleman.

2 Gent.
'Tis one Iago, ancient to the general.

-- 299 --

Cas.
He has had most favourable and happy speed:

-- 300 --


Tempests themselves, high seas, and howling winds,
The gutter'd rocks, and congregated sands,—
Traitors ensteep'd3 note





to clog the guiltless keel,
As having sense of beauty, do omit
Their mortal* note natures4 note


, letting go safely by
The divine Desdemona.

-- 301 --

Mon.
What is she?

Cas.
She that I spake of, our great captain's captain5 note
,
Left in the conduct of the bold Iago;
Whose footing here anticipates our thoughts,
A se'nnight's speed.—Great Jove6 note, Othello guard,
And swell his sail with thine own powerful breath;
That he may bless this bay with his tall ship,
Make love's quick pants in Desdemona's arms7 note
,
Give renew'd fire to our extincted spirits,
And bring all Cyprus comfort8 note!—O, behold, Enter Desdemona, Emilia, Iago, Roderigo, and Attendants.
The riches of the ship is come on shore9 note
!
Ye men of Cyprus, let her have your knees:—
Hail to thee, lady! and the grace of heaven,
Before, behind thee, and on every hand,
Enwheel thee round!

Des.
I thank you, valiant Cassio.
What tidings can you tell me of my lord?

Cas.
He is not yet arriv'd: nor know I aught
But that he's well, and will be shortly here.

-- 302 --

Des.
O, but I fear;—How lost you company?

Cas.
The great contention of the sea and skies
Parted our fellowship: But, hark! a sail.
[Cry within, A sail, a sail! Then Guns heard.

2 Gent.
They give their greeting* note to the citadel;
This likewise is a friend.

Cas.
See for the news8 note.— [Exit Gentleman.
Good ancient, you are welcome;—Welcome, mistress:— [To Emilia.
Let it not gall your patience, good Iago,
That I extend my manners; 'tis my breeding
That gives me this bold show of courtesy.
[Kissing her.

Iago.
Sir, would she give you so much of her lips,
As of her tongue she oft bestows on me,
You'd have enough.

Des.
Alas, she has no speech.

Iago.
In faith, too much9 note

;
I find it still, when I have list to sleep:
Marry, before your ladyship, I grant,
She puts her tongue a little in her heart,
And chides with thinking.

Emil.
You have little cause to say so.

Iago.
Come on, come on; you are pictures out of doors,
Bells in your parlours, wild cats in your kitchens,
Saints in your injuries1 note

, devils being offended,

-- 303 --


Players in your housewifery, and housewives in your beds.

Des.
O, fye upon thee, slanderer2 note

!

Iago.
Nay, it is true, or else I am a Turk;
You rise to play, and go to bed to work.

Emil.
You shall not write my praise.

Iago.
No, let me not.

Des.
What would'st thou write of me, if thou should'st praise me?

Iago.
O gentle lady, do not put me to't;
For I am nothing, if not critical3 note



.

-- 304 --

Des.
Come on, assay:—There's one gone to the harbour?

Iago.
Ay, madam.

Des.
I am not merry; but I do beguile
The thing I am, by seeming otherwise.—
Come, how would'st thou praise me?

Iago.
I am about it; but, indeed, my invention
Comes from my pate, as birdlime does from frize4 note
,
It plucks out brains and all: But my muse labours,
And thus she is deliver'd.
If she be fair and wise,—fairness, and wit,
The one's for use, the other useth it.

Des.
Well prais'd! How if she be black and witty?

Iago.
If she be black, and thereto have a wit,
She'll find a white that shall her blackness fit5 note.

Des.
Worse and worse.

Emil.
How, if fair and foolish?

Iago.
She never yet was foolish that was fair6 note



;
For even her folly help'd her to an heir.

-- 305 --

Des.

These are old fond paradoxes, to make fools laugh i'the alehouse. What miserable praise hast thou for her that's foul and foolish?

Iago.
There's none so foul, and foolish thereunto,
But does foul pranks which fair and wise ones do.

Des.

O heavy ignorance!—thou praisest* note the worst best. But what praise could'st thou bestow on a deserving woman indeed7 note? one, that, in the authority of her merit, did justly put on the vouch of very malice itself8 note



?

Iago.
She that was ever fair, and never proud;
Had tongue at will, and yet was never loud;
Never lack'd gold, and yet went never gay;
Fled from her wish, and yet said,—now I may;
She that, being anger'd, her revenge being nigh,
Bade her wrong stay, and her displeasure fly:
She that in wisdom never was so frail,
To change the cod's head for the salmon's tail9 note;

-- 306 --


She that could think, and ne'er disclose her mind,
See suitors following, and not look behind1 note;
She was a wight,—if ever such wight were,—

Des.

To do what?

Iago.
To suckle fools, and chronicle small beer2 note.

Des.

O most lame and impotent conclusion!— Do not learn of him, Emilia, though he be thy husband.—How say you, Cassio? is he not a most profane3 note

and liberal counsellor4 note





?

-- 307 --

Cas.

He speaks home, madam; you may relish him more in the soldier, than in the scholar.

Iago. [Aside.]

He takes her by the palm: Ay, well said, whisper: with* note as little a web as this, will I ensnare as great a fly as Cassio. Ay, smile upon her, do; I will gyve thee5 note

in thine own courtship. You say true: 'tis so, indeed: if such tricks as these strip you out of your lieutenantry, it had been better you had not kissed your three fingers so oft, which now again you are most apt to play the sir in6 note. Very good; well kissed! an excellent courtesy7 note


!
'tis so indeed. Yet again your fingers to your lips? would, they were clyster-pipes for your sake!—[Trumpet.] The Moor, I know his trumpet.

Cas.

'Tis truly so.

Des.

Let's meet him, and receive him.

Cas.

Lo, where he comes!

-- 308 --

Enter Othello, and Attendants.

Oth.
O my fair warrior8 note





!

Des.
My dear Othello?

Oth.
It gives me wonder great as my content,
To see you here before me. O my soul's joy!
If after every tempest come such calms9 note,
May the winds blow till they have waken'd death!
And let the labouring bark climb hills of seas,
Olympus-high; and duck again as low
As hell's from heaven1 note

! If it were now to die,
'Twere now to be most happy2 note



; for, I fear,

-- 309 --


My soul hath her content so absolute,
That not another comfort like to this
Succeeds in unknown fate.

Des.
The heavens forbid,
But that our loves and comforts should increase,
Even as our days do grow3 note


!

Oth.
Amen to that, sweet powers!—
I cannot speak enough of this content,
It stops me here; it is too much of joy:
And this, and this, the greatest discords be, [Kissing her4 note



.
That e'er our hearts shall make!

Iago.
O, you are well tun'd now!
But I'll set down5 note



the pegs that make this musick,
As honest as I am. [Aside.

-- 310 --

Oth.
Come, let's to the castle.—
News, friends6 note

; our wars are done, the Turks are drown'd.
How do our old acquaintance of this isle?—
Honey, you shall be well desir'd in Cyprus7 note,
I have found great love amongst them. O my sweet,
I prattle out of fashion8 note, and I dote
In mine own comforts.—I pr'ythee, good Iago,
Go to the bay, and disembark my coffers:
Bring thou the master9 note

to the citadel:

-- 311 --


He is a good one, and his worthiness
Does challenge much respect.—Come, Desdemona,
Once more well met at Cyprus. [Exeunt Othello, Desdemona, and Attendants.

Iago.

Do thou meet me presently at the harbour. Come hither* note. If thou be'st valiant as (they say) base men, being in love, have then a nobility in their natures1 note



more than is native to them,—list me. The lieutenant to-night watches on the court of guard2 note



:—First, I must tell thee this—Desdemona
is directly in love with him.

Rod.

With him! why, 'tis not possible.

Iago.

Lay thy finger—thus3 note, and let thy soul be instructed. Mark me with what violence she first loved the Moor, but for bragging, and telling her fantastical lies: And will she love him still for prating4 note? let not thy discreet heart think it. Her eye must be fed; and what delight shall she have

-- 312 --

to look on the devil? When the blood is made dull with the act of sport, there should be,—again to inflame it5 note, and to give satiety a fresh appetite,— loveliness in favour; sympathy in years, manners, and beauties; all which the Moor is defective in: Now, for want of these required conveniences, her delicate tenderness will find itself abused, begin to heave the gorge, disrelish and abhor the Moor; very nature will instruct her in it, and compel her to some second choice. Now, sir, this granted, (as it is a most pregnant and unforced position,) who stands so eminently* note in the degree of this fortune, as Cassio does? a knave very voluble; no further conscionable, than in putting on the mere form of civil and humane seeming6 note, for the better compassing of his salt and most hidden loose affection? [why, none; why, none† note:] A slippery and subtle knave; a finder out of occasions; that has an eye can stamp and counterfeit advantages, though true advantage never present itself: A devilish knave! besides, the knave is handsome, young; and hath all those requisites in him, that folly and green minds7 note look after: A pestilent complete knave; and the woman hath found him already.

Rod.

I cannot believe that in her; she is full of most blessed condition8 note.

Iago.

Blessed fig's end! the wine she drinks is made of grapes: if she had been blessed, she would never have loved the Moor: [Bless'd pudding‡ note!]

-- 313 --

Didst thou not see her paddle with the palm of his hand? [didst not mark that* note?]

Rod.

Yes, that I did; but that was but courtesy.

Iago.

Lechery, by this hand; an index, and obscure prologue to the history of lust and foul thoughts9 note. They met so near with their lips, that their breaths embraced together. Villainous thoughts, Roderigo! when these mutualities so marshal the way, hard at hand comes the master and main exercise, the incorporate conclusion: Pish!— But, sir, be you ruled by me: I have brought you from Venice. Watch you to-night; for the command, I'll lay't upon you: Cassio knows you not;— I'll not be far from you: Do you find some occasion to anger Cassio, either by speaking too loud, or tainting1 note






his discipline; or from what other course2 note you please, which the time shall more favourably minister.

Rod.

Well.

Iago.

Sir, he is rash, and very sudden in choler3 note



;

-- 314 --

and, haply, with his truncheon may strike at you: Provoke him, that he may: for, even out of that, will I cause these of Cyprus to mutiny; whose qualification shall come into no true taste again4 note


, but by the displanting of Cassio. So shall you have a shorter journey to your desires, by the means I shall then have to prefer them5 note; and the impediment most profitably removed, without the which there were no expectation of our prosperity.

Rod.

I will do this, if I can bring it to any opportunity6 note

.

Iago.

I warrant thee. Meet me by and by at the citadel: I must fetch his necessaries ashore. Farewell.

Rod.

Adieu.

[Exit.

Iago.
That Cassio loves her, I do well believe it;
That she loves him, 'tis apt, and of great credit:
The Moor—howbeit that I endure him not,—
Is of a constant, loving, noble nature;
And, I dare think, he'll prove to Desdemona
A most dear husband. Now I do love her too;

-- 315 --


Not out of absolute lust, (though, peradventure,
I stand accountant for as great a sin,)
But partly led to diet my revenge,
For that I do suspect the lusty* note Moor
Hath leap'd into my seat: the thought whereof
Doth, like a poisonous mineral7 note, gnaw my inwards;
And nothing can or shall content my soul,
Till I am even with him8 note





, wife for wife;
Or, failing so, yet that I put the Moor
At least into a jealousy so strong
That judgment cannot cure. Which thing to do,—
If this poor trash of Venice, whom I trash
For his quick hunting, stand the putting on9 note





,

-- 316 --


I'll have our Michael Cassio on the hip1 note;
Abuse him to the Moor in the rank garb2 note









,—

-- 317 --


For I fear Cassio with my night-cap too;
Make the Moor thank me, love me, and reward me,
For making him egregiously an ass,
And practising upon his peace and quiet
Even to madness. 'Tis here, but yet confus'd;
Knavery's plain face is never seen3 note, till us'd. [Exit.

Next section


James Boswell [1821], The plays and poems of William Shakspeare, with the corrections and illustrations of various commentators: comprehending A Life of the Poet, and an enlarged history of the stage, by the late Edmond Malone. With a new glossarial index (J. Deighton and Sons, Cambridge) [word count] [S10201].
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