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James Boswell [1821], The plays and poems of William Shakspeare, with the corrections and illustrations of various commentators: comprehending A Life of the Poet, and an enlarged history of the stage, by the late Edmond Malone. With a new glossarial index (J. Deighton and Sons, Cambridge) [word count] [S10201].
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INDEX OF MANNERS, CUSTOMS, SUPERSTITIONS, &c. EXPLAINED IN THE NOTES.
Acheron, what place was signified by that name, discussed, xi. 182. actors, in Shakspeare's time, sometimes performed several parts in the same play, iv. 440. ...... xvi. 162. Adam Bell, vii. 23. Adonis' gardens, xviii. 45. aldermen distinguished by thumb-rings, xvi. 285. Alexandreis, a poem, by Philip Gualtier, v. 104. alliteration ridiculed, iv. 356. .................. v. 320. Alnaschar, story of, in the Arabian Nights, found also in the Dialogues of Creatures Moralized, xi. 419. Amaimon and Barbazon, dæmons, viii. 91. anachronisms, singular, pointed out in contemporary authors, xii. 174. anthropophagi, ix. 262. apes in hell, v. 412. apostle spoons given at christenings, xix. 480. arras, large in Shakspeare's time, so that a person might be concealed behind them, vii. 378. .......... xvi. 298. Arthur's show at Mile End, xvii. 131. aurum potabile, xvii. 192.

B. baffuling, an ignominious punishment for perjury, xvi. 16. bagpipe, effects of its musick, v. 111. ballads, written upon all occasions, xiv. 368.

-- 520 --

barbarous exhibitions on the ancient stage, x. 186. barber's chair, x. 369. ....... forfeits, ix. 195. barnacles, ancient opinions concerning them, xv. 155. Bartholomew pigs, xvii. 92. basilisk, killed by its look, xviii. 255. bason and ewer expensive, because displayed at table when they washed their hands before and after dinner, xiii. 312. bastardy, how far thought disgraceful, xviii. 21. beards, how worn, v. 197, 307. ............... vi. 409. ............... xvii. 366. Judas's beard, vi. 451. Cain's beard, viii. 46. Abram's beard, viii. 46. beaver of a helmet, passages mentioning it, explained, xvi. 429. bedfellows, men of the highest rank, so to each other, xvii. 305. Bedlam beggars, x. 104. beggars' clack-dish, ix. 127. bell, book, and candle, excommunication by, xv. 289. Bergomask dance, v. 33. Bermudas supposed to be inhabited by devils, xv. 44. ........ in cant language applied to privileged places resorted to by rogues and bullies, xv. 44. Sir Bevis, a romance, quoted, x. 163. bilboes, a punishment, described, vii. 485. bills, weapons carried by watchmen; represented in a wood-cut, vii. 87. .... frequent puns on the word, xiii. 335. bishops dressed in white, xvii. 145. biting thumbs an insult, vi. 10. Black Monday, Easter Monday, why so called, v. 54. blanks, an oppressive mode of taxation, xvi. 63. bleeding at the nose deemed ominous, v. 54. blue coats, the dress of servants, v. 461. brake, an instrument of torture, explained, with a wood cut, ix. 43. breaking a lance across, a disgraceful piece of awkwardness, vi. 454. .................... x. 358. breeches ridiculously large, ix. 53.

-- 521 --

breeches ridiculously large, xi. 116. ...................... xix. 346. bride-bed blessed, v. 338. Bucklersbury inhabited by druggists, viii. 123. Burbage, the original performer of Richard the Third, xix. 241. burning crown, a punishment for regicides, xix. 153. bush, generally of ivy, hung out as a sign at vintners' doors, vi. 511. Buttery, players taken to, v. 369.

C. cakes made in honour of saints' days, xi. 398 Camelot, King Arthur's court, x. 94. calf-skin, worn by fools, xv. 27. captain, a title assumed by rogues, xvii. 80. captives, whom they belonged to, xvi. 188. carpets used for table cloths, v. 460. carpet knights, xi. 458. carraways eaten with apples, xvii. 213. carving, an accomplishment, perhaps a mode of showing kindness, viii. 38. cat in a bottle, a cruel sport, described, vii. 23. St. Charity, name of a saint, vii. 427. Child Rowland, x. 166. Christmas carols, v. 216. clowns, dramatick, described, x. 334. ......................... xi. 361. ...... their extempore wit, vii. 341. clubs, the cry of the citizens of London when they wanted assistance, vi. 490. ...... ix. 487. coals, to carry coals signified to submit to disgrace, vi. 7. ......................................... xvii. 343. cockatrice, its look deadly, xix. 152. conjuration, its ceremonies described, xviii. 199. cooks, their perquisites, xi. 30. corpse bleeding at the approach of the murderer, xix. 22. Cotswold games, founded by Dover, viii. 16. ............................... xvii. 115. court of wards, iv. 253.

-- 522 --

country girls, their finery: inkles, caddesses, sleeve hand, and the work about the square ont, sweet gloves, masks, bugle bracelets, necklace amber, golden quoifs, poking sticks, tawdry lace, xiv. 361. pomander, brooch, horn ring, xiv. 388. cowslip, a favourite flower with fairies, v. 200. coxcomb, part of a fool's dress, x. 53. St. Crispin, his history, xvii. 416. crocodile's tears, ix. 426. crow-keeper described, x. 224. crusades, their object pointed out and defended, xvi. 183. curled hair, the mark of a man of fashion, or sometimes of a fop, ix. 245. .......... x. 154.

D. day-bed, a luxury in Shakspeare's time, xi. 417. .................................. xix. 141. Dæmons, names of, and their qualities, described: Flibbertigibbet, xi. 159, 194. Modo, x. 163, 194. Mahu, x. 163, 194. Smolkin, x. 163. Frateretto, x. 168. Hopdance, x. 172. Obbidicut, x. 194. Hobbididance, x. 194. deaths-head in a ring, worn by bawds, xvii. 93. death and the fool, ix. 95. ................. xxi. 116. death-tokens of the plague, viii. 309. deer, their names at different ages, iv. 353. degrees taken in the art of fencing, viii. 30. demoniacal possession described, x. 151, 155, 172. devil in old mysteries, v. 368. ................... xi. 479. devils, six kinds of them: fiery, aerial, terrestrial, watery, subterranean, and fawns, satyrs, nymphs, &c. xv. 286. ..... names of, xvi. 313. Diana in a fountain, vi. 470. distinctions of rank at table: lower messes, xiv. 258. higher messes, xv. 213.

-- 523 --

dress regulated by law in Queen Elizabeth's reign, iv. 419. drugs given to procure love, ix. 254. ........................ xvi. 243. duello, the laws of it settled with great nicety, xi. 463. Duke, a general term for a military leader, v. 126. .................................... xvii. 342. Duke Humphrey, dining with him, the phrase explained, xix. 179.

E. ears burning, what it betokened, vii. 77. earls first created in Scotland by Malcolm III. xi. 275. Edward shovel boards, viii. 21. elegies had black title pages, xvii. 13. elephants supposed to have no joints, viii. 305. English deemed epicures by the Scotch, xi. 247. eunuchs made for the voice, xi. 348. Essex, Lord, alluded to, xvii. 427.

F. face, a round one, a mark of folly, xii. 283. fading, an old Irish dance, described, xiv. 429. fairies, their practices described, v. 199. ............................ viii. 185. ...... fond of cleanliness, v. 336. ...... sometimes beautiful and kind to men; sometimes ugly and hostile, iv. 225. ....................................... xii. 354. ...... whether they die, discussed, v. 215. falconry excelled in by the French, vii. 302. fancy, an ornament worn in the hat, v. 444. .... a ballad, v. 444. fans, expensive in their materials, viii. 74. .... large, carried by servants, viii. 74. .... made of feathers, this illustrated by a wood-cut, viii. 74. .... worn sometimes by male fops, xix. 345. feasts, accompanied with artificial tempests, and other pantomimical devices, viii. 184. ...................................... xv. 127.

-- 524 --

feathers and flowers worn in the cap by men, xi. 231. ........................................ xix. 345. fellow with a great belly and his dog, xvii. 23. fern-seed made the person who carried it invisible, xvi. 242. fish-eating in Lent, how far a mark of popery, x. 50. fillipping toads, how practised, (with a wood-cut,) xvii. 38. Finsbury walks, the resort of citizens, xvi. 320. Flemings, notorious as drunkards, viii. 55. Florentius' love, an allusion to a story in Gower's Confessio Amantis, v. 398. flowers, their emblematical characters, vii. 439. .................................. xiv. 349. fools bauble described, x. 460. .... their songs, x. 61. fool at city feasts leaped into a custard, x. 396. footcloths described, xviii. 315. forehead, a high one, a beauty, vi. 73. ........ a low one, a deformity, xi. 283. ............................ xv. 127. foreign physicians, popular, viii. 49. fortune, what deemed an ample one, viii. 131, 132. forty, a favourite number, xix. 421. fourscore, a general term for old age, viii. 106. French, how pronounced in Shakspeare's time, xvii. 428. fumbling with the sheets, a sign of approaching death, xvii. 428. fumigating rooms, its necessity, vii. 32. ............................ xvii. 228.

G. Garagantua, vi. 431. galliard, the dance so called, described, xvii. 285. garters made very expensive, xvi. 265. German clocks, iv. 338. ....... hunting in waterwork, xvii. 154. ghosts, supposed to vanish when the cock crew, vii. 187, 189, 211. gloves worn in the hat, upon what occasions, x. 155. gourd, fullam, high and low, gambling terms, explained, viii. 42. ............ alluded to, xiv. 410.

-- 525 --

green, the colour of lovers, iv. 302. green eyes, vi. 178. groats half-faced, when introduced, xv. 205. guests at private tables attended by their own servants, viii. 29. Guinever, King Arthur's Queen, iv. 350. gun-stones used in ordnance instead of iron balls, xvii. 288.

H. hands always washed before and after meals, v. 466. handy-dandy, a game described, x. 230. hand, a dry one, sign of a cold constitution, xi. 354. ..... a moist one, of the contrary, ix. 395. .............................. xii. 177. Hecate, mistress of the witches, xi. 180. hair, artificially coloured, fashionable, vii. 57, 95. hangers, the sword-belt so called, described, vii. 498. hangman, a name applied to Cupid, vii. 79. Harry ten shillings, xvii. 127. hare, why called melancholy, xvi. 197. hare-lip, how cured, v. 339. hats worn during dinner, v. 48. heart supposed to be the seat of the understanding, xiv. 12. Heliodorus, a story quoted from his Æthiopicks, xi. 488. Herne the hunter, story of, viii. 162. Herod, how represented in the mysteries, vii. 338. hide fox and all after, a child's play, described, vii. 414. hobby-horse in May-games, iv. 324. ........................ vii. 350. honour, the address to a lord, ix. 58. .......................... xiii. 260. horn for drinking, carried about by Bedlam beggars, x. 177. horses actually shod with felt, x. 233. horse hair dropped into corrupted water supposed to become an animal, xii. 190. Howleglass, an old story book, referred to, vii. 82. hundred merry tales, vii. 39, 165. hunting in the evening, xiii. 296.

-- 526 --

I. and J. Jerusalem, dying there, a story told in many shapes, xvii. 196. Jesuits satirized as equivocators, xi. 116. Incidis in Scyllam cupiens vitare Charybdim, the author of that line pointed out, v. 104. index always prefixed to books, vii. 391. ........................... ix. 313. Indians exhibited in London, xv. 95. .................. xix. 485. John Drum's entertainment, x. 417. Ireland, no poisonous reptiles there, xvi. 69. Irish could rhyme rats to death, vi. 428. ............... either man or beast to death, xviii. 10. judicial astrology satirized, x. 40. justices of peace, their extortion, xvii. 203.

K. Kempe probably acted Justice Shallow, xvii. 114. kernes and gallow glasses described, xi. 16. kissing comfits, viii. 183. ...... the hands often the mark of a fop, xi. 450. knives worn by women, vi. 196. ..... brought by the guests invited to an entertainment, xiii. 275. knot grass given to young animals to prevent them from growing, v. 278.

L. ladies accustomed to strike their servants, xi. 445. ..... went deer-shooting, iv. 340. ..... wore mirrors at their girdles, iv. 341, 344. ..... wore a pocket at the bosom, for letters, vii. 272. ..... frequently acquired classical learning, v. 416. ..... kissed by their partners before dancing, xix. 354. lavolta, a dance, described, xvii. 355. lie, how many ways of giving it, vi. 501. lion in a masque, at court, represented by a blackamoor, v. 246. ... would not hurt the blood-royal, xvi. 281.

-- 527 --

liver, the seat of love, iv. 368. .................. vii. 117. .................. viii. 63. loggats, an old game, described, vii. 468. London called the king's chamber, xix. 94. Londoners called, in contempt, eaters of buttered toasts, xvi. 368. long swords disused after the introduction of rapiers, viii. 70. .......................................... xvi. 123. loose-bodied gowns the dress of harlots, v. 488. Lord have mercy upon us, written on the doors of houses infected with the plague, iv. 430. love and lover applied by one male to another, xx. 256. love described as made up of contrarieties, vi. 481. love-locks, how worn, vii. 146. louse, a familiar beast to man, and signifies love, viii. 9. lying at the feet of a mistress, a common fashion, vii. 468.

M. Mab, the fairy queen, described, vi. 50. maid Marian, xvi. 347. magicians, their power over the operations of nature, xv. 161; and Tempest, passim. ......... showed future events in a glass, xi. 205. man in the moon, his dog and his bush, v. 325. .................................. xv. 107. mandrakes, what they were supposed to be, vi. 198. ......... their groan destructive, vi. 198. ............................. xviii. 270. Maningtree fair, ox roasted whole there, xvi. 295. .............. metrical interludes performed there, xvi. 295. Mantuan quoted, much read at that time, iv. 359. Mary Frith, or Mistress Mall, account of her, xi. 356. map of the Indies alluded to, xi. 445. May day, a favourite time for authors to publish on, v. 299. May-pole described, v. 277. medals worn, appended to a ribbon round the neck, xiv. 264. .............................................xix. 366.

-- 528 --

melancholy affected by those who wished to be thought fashionable, xv. 308. men whose heads did grow beneath their shoulders, ix. 262. ....................................... xv. 125. ................... represented in a wood-cut, ix. 500. Mephostophilus, a demon in the old romance of Doctor Faustus, viii. 20. Mile-end celebrated for its shows, x. 451. ............................. xvii. 131. milled sixpences used for counters, viii. 21. mistaking words, a common source of humour on the old stage, vii. 89. Monarcho, a fantastical character of that time, iv. 345. Merlin and his prophecies, xvi. 312. ....................... xxi. 463. Monmouth caps, xvii. 445. monopolies, frequently satirized, x. 57. Moorditch, why called melancholy, xvi. 197. mountaineers dewlapped like bulls, xv. 125. mules, Cardinals accustomed to ride on them, xix. 442. mummy, to what uses it was applied, ix. 401. Muscovites, frequently introduced in masques, iv. 410. mustard, injurious to cholerick persons, v. 480.

N. Nero, an angler in the lake of darkness, x. 168. Nicholas (St.), the patron of scholars, and of parish clerks, iv. 82. ............. ludicrously called the patron of thieves, xvi. 237. nobody, a ridiculous figure sometimes exhibited on signs, xv. 119. nuncle, a vulgar term of respect, x. 54.

O. Oberon, the king of fairies, v. 209. O Lord! sir, an affected exclamation, ridiculed, x. 372. owl, a baker's daughter, vii. 426. out roaring Dick, a celebrated ballad singer, iv. 433.

-- 529 --

P. pageants, iv. 441. ........ xii. 368* note




. ........ xv. 146. painted cloths, vi. 435. painted cloths had labels issuing from the mouths of the figures containing moral sentences, vi. 435. ................................ xvi. 147. painted tyrants, in tapestry, vii. 307. painting, much used by women, vii. 332. Paris garden, xix. 483. parish top, xi. 351. Patience on a monument, xi. 411, 505. patient Grisel alluded to, v. 426. Pavan, a dance, described, xi. 492. pawnbroker, his dress a leathern jerkin with chrystal but tons. xvi. 263. pelican, vii. 426. ...... x. 153. pensioners, v. 200. perjured persons wore papers on their breasts, expressing the crime, iv. 366. Perseus's horse, a ship, viii. 254. periwigs, v. 83. ........ worn by women, satirized, xiii. 378. ........ made of hair from dead bodies, xiii. 377. .................................... xx. 286. ........ children plundered of their hair for this purpose, xiii. 377. perspective, a pictorial device described, xvi. 69. phœnix, xv. 123. picktooth, mark of a courtier, xiv. 394. ......................... and of a traveller, xv. 213.

-- 530 --

picture of we three, xi. 386. pioneers disgraced soldiers, ix. 379. pilgrims, their dress, vii. 424. ....... how distinguished from palmers, x. 412. pillars borne before Cardinal Wolsey, what they denoted, xix. 383. philosopher's stone, xvii. 141. plague, death tokens of it, viii. 309. playhouse prices, ix. 448. players at the conclusion of the performance sometimes knelt down and prayed for the queen or their patron, xvii. 242. points, a part of dress, described, xi. 363. Portunus, a frolicksome dæmon in ancient superstition, resembling Puck, v. 205. posies inscribed on rings, vii. 354. ..... and on knives, when they were termed cutler's poetry, v. 146. possets taken at bed time, how made, xi. 103. primero, a game at cards, explained, xix. 456. Puck, a description of his pranks, v. 203, 207. ..... whence the name derived, v. 206. punishments after death fancifully described, ix. 108, 486. purgatory described, vii. 239. putting out of one for five, a mode of speculation in our author's time, xv. 125.

Q. questions and commands, a game, vii. 465. quintaine described, vi. 370, 514.

R. reckonings adjusted by small pieces of metal called counters, vi. 404. ...... xiv. 339. red lattice, the mark of an alehouse, viii. 75. riddles, book of, viii. 26. riding wagers, xii. 104. roasted pig, antipathy to, v. 100. Robin Goodfellow, v. 203, 207. roses stuck in the ear, xv. 209. .... on Queen Elizabeth's three-farthing pieces, xv. 209.

-- 531 --

ruddock, or robin red-breast, said to cover dead bodies with leaves, xiii. 164. Rumour painted full of tongues, xvii. 5. rushes strewn in rooms in place of carpets, vi. 45. .................................... xiii. 63. .................................... xvi. 41, 317. rush rings, when given, and by whom, x. 370.

S. sack, what kind of wine it signified, discussed, xvi. 200, 272, 296. .......................................... xvii. 170. .... drunk with sugar, xvi. 200. .... for which purpose sugar carried by waiters made up in small papers, xvi. 261. .... sent, as a present at taverns from one guest to another, viii. 85. .... adulterated with lime, xvi. 271. .... not known till Henry VIII. [1543,] xvi. 301. .... its beneficial effects on the intellect, xvii. 170. Sackerson, a celebrated bear at the Paris garden, viii. 32. Sagittary, a monster engaged at the siege of Troy, described, viii. 431. sand bag, the weapon of inferior men in the trial by battle, xviii. 223. satyrs, in masques, personated by persons covered with hair; account of some of the most remarkable of these exhibitions, with a wood-cut, xiv. 371. Scogan, whether two poets of that name, xvii. 116. schoolmaster, often reckoned a conjurer, iv. 238. seamanship, Shakspeare's accurate knowledge of, and skilful use of its technical language, xv. 184. Setebos, a god of the Patagonians, xv. 58. seven deadly sins, ix. 107. shaving a man considered as a disgrace, iv. 256. sheep-shearing feasts, expensive, xiv. 339. sheriff's fool, what persons so designated, x. 445. ....... posts, xi. 367. shirts expensive, xvi. 341. shoes worn with pointed toes of an absurd length, forbidden by statute, vii. 472.

-- 532 --

shovegroat shillings, xvii. 89. shoulders of a buck, the keeper's perquisite, viii. 184. shrove-tide, xvii. 218. silence necessary during incantations, xi. 199. sir, a title given to clergymen, vi. 447. .......................... viii. 7, 210. .......................... xix. 202. Sir Dagonet, in Arthur's show, xvii. 132 Sir Eglamour, a common name for an inamorato, iv. 19. sirrah, not always a disrespectful expression, xvi. 205. ...................................... xxi. 328. sleeping in the afternoon, a common practice, vii. 244. soldiers accused of being in the habit of stealing linen, xvi. 370. son, a title frequently given by one literary man to another, viii. 314. songs and sonnets, book of, viii. 26. spitting white, the mark of a drunkard, xvii. 37. spleen, supposed to be the cause of laughter, iv. 410. ...................................... ix. 65. Squire of Low Degree, a romance, alluded to, xvii. 460. stage, its licentiousness in our author's time, vii. 290. ..... hung with black at the performance of tragedies, x. 149. .......... xviii. 7. ..... poverty of its scenery in Shakspeare's time, xix. 368, 471. statesmen affected to write a bad hand, vii. 489. statues painted, xiv. 416. statute caps directed by law to be worn by citizens, iv. 419. stewards wore gold chains, xi. 398. stocks introduced on the stage, x. 98. strange fish exhibited in London, xiv. 368. ............................. xv. 95. strange exhibitions of various kinds, xiv. 368 ............................... xv. 95. ............................... xix. 485. strumpets, by an old statute, compelled to wear their garments the wrong side outward, xiii. 377. subtilties, a term in cookery, used to signify dishes made to appear different from what they really were, a frequent practice, xv. 169.

-- 533 --

swearing by a sword, vii. 253. ........ by St. Patrick, vii. 252. sweet Oliver, a common phrase, without any very distinct meaning, vi. 449. sword and buckler carried by serving-men, vi. 225. ................. their use occasioned frequent quarrels, xvi. 225. ................. at what period they fell into disuse, viii. 70. .................................... xvi. 275. sworn brothers, what that term signified, xvi. 141, 258. ................................... xvii. 295.

T. taylors fond of singing, xvi. 321. Titania, the Queen of Fairies, v. 209. tongs, &c. rural musick, v. 289. travellers, their dress and manners described, xv. 212. ........ their society sought after, x. 396. .............................. xv. 213. ........ their wonderful stories ridiculed, xv. 123. travelling, particularly in Italy, censured by Ascham and Hall, and ridiculed by Shakspeare, vi. 466. ............................... xv. 212. trees, branches of them hewn down for a screen to conceal the numbers of an army, xi. 257. trenchers in general use, xv. 104. trial by battle described, xviii. 226. truckle-bed, its use, vii. 167. trumpets sounded thrice before the prologue, v. 317. trunks richly ornamented, considered as furniture, xi. 466. tumblers' hoops, iv. 337. Turnbull-street, infamous, xvii. 136.

U. undertakers, what persons were satirized under that name, xi. 461. ungartered, going ungartered, the mark of a lover, iv. 35. ......................................... vi. 440. unicorns and bears, how caught, xii. 50. universities, plays acted there, vii. 343.

-- 534 --

usurers wore chains, vii. 42. ...... their practices described, ix. 159. Utopian schemes ridiculed, xv. 78.

V. St. Valentine's day, vii. 426. vapours, a game at, described, xvi. 192. velvet guards worn by the wives of opulent citizens, xvi. 320. Venetian dresses, fashionable, described, viii. 120. Venetians had always foreign generals, ix. 253. Venice, officers of night there, ix. 236. vice, the fool of the old moralities, xi. 469. ............................. xvii. 138. .... armed with a dagger of lath, xi. 469. ............................. xvi. 274. ............................. xvii. 432. .... used to belabour the devil, xi. 469. vows of chastity entered into by widows, or widowers, or lovers, on the death of their mistresses, iv, 106.

W. wardship prevailed in France as well as in England, x. 307. watches, uncommon, xi. 427. ....... Guy Faux fell under suspicion for wearing one, xi. 427. wax, soft, used in sealing letters, xi. 421. waxen images, how employed in witchcraft, iv. 55. ..................................... xv. 357. weavers fond of singing psalms, xi. 390. ........................... xvi. 227. we three, picture of, xi. 386. Welsh-hook, a warlike instrument, described, xvi. 286. Winchester, bishop of, had jurisdiction over the stews in Southwark, viii. 448. wine drunk at weddings, v. 449. wisp, a punishment for a scold, xviii. 421. witches, popular superstitions with regard to them, detailed, xi. 189.

-- 535 --

witches could sail in sieves, xi. 29. ....... or in an egg-shell, or cockle-shell, xxi. 165. ....... sold winds, xi. 31. ....... when transformed into other animals, had no tails, why, xi. 30. ....... had beards, xi. 38. ....... by what gifts propitiated, iv. 235. ....... their power over the operations of nature, xi. 197. ....... lost their power over those who drew blood from them, xviii. 43. ....... distinguished from conjurers and enchanters, x. 491. Withold (St.), x. 160. worship, the address to a knight, or esquire, xv. 213.

Y. yellow starch, x. 457. yellow stockings, wearing them, and being cross-gartered, what they denoted, xi. 425.
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James Boswell [1821], The plays and poems of William Shakspeare, with the corrections and illustrations of various commentators: comprehending A Life of the Poet, and an enlarged history of the stage, by the late Edmond Malone. With a new glossarial index (J. Deighton and Sons, Cambridge) [word count] [S10201].
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